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-# RFC: The approval seam — one-shot permission decisions over a waterfall of answerers
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+# Agent Note: The approval seam — one-shot permission decisions over a waterfall of answerers
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Status: implemented
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## Problem
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-Two callers need to put one question — "may this specific action proceed?" — to a human: `tools/pre-execute`'s `ask` decision (including the Claude-Code hook bridge's `permissionDecision: ask`) and the [sandbox RFC](2026-07-06-sandbox.md)'s post-denial one-shot escalation retry. A shared seam keeps them from inventing separate outcome vocabularies, UI routing, cancellation, and audit trails, while guaranteeing that a deployment with no UI can never grant an unanswerable request.
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+Two callers need to put one question — "may this specific action proceed?" — to a human: `tools/pre-execute`'s `ask` decision (including the Claude-Code hook bridge's `permissionDecision: ask`) and the [sandbox Agent Note](2026-07-06-sandbox.md)'s post-denial one-shot escalation retry. A shared seam keeps them from inventing separate outcome vocabularies, UI routing, cancellation, and audit trails, while guaranteeing that a deployment with no UI can never grant an unanswerable request.
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The routing problem is ownership: an approval prompt must reach the editor session that owns the asking agent (the ACP bridge multiplexes N sessions over one connection), fail closed for agents nobody owns (in-process subagents, tests), and stay out of deployments that compose no UI (headless, CI).
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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ One `cordis.yml` entry mounts the seam. Not loading it is the fail-closed opt-ou
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The entry alone provides mechanism, not a channel: with no answerer composed, every ask resolves `unavailable` and the asking tool call denies — fail-closed needs no configuration. Composing the ACP app (`@deepseek-ai/dsh-acp-demo`, as in [the acp-agent example's default tree](../../../../examples/acp-agent/README.md)) completes the loop: its bridge registers an answerer that prompts the owning editor session via `session/request_permission`, so a hook's `ask` or an escalation request surfaces as a one-shot Allow/Reject prompt attached to the already-streamed tool call. `policy: never` is the unattended stance — every ask auto-rejects deterministically, stated in the system prompt, no human in the loop. `policy` is validated against the closed list at plugin load; anything else throws.
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-What a composed deployment observes: `allowed-once` lets exactly that call proceed; rejection, dismissal, and channel absence deny with three distinct reasons the model can tell apart; every ask lands a durable `approval/asked`/`approval/decided` pair on the asking agent's session log; nothing about a grant persists past the call that asked.
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+What a composed deployment observes: `allowed-once` lets exactly that call proceed; rejection, dismissal, and channel absence deny with three distinct reasons the model can tell apart; a successful in-turn request lands a durable `approval/asked`/`approval/decided` pair on the asking agent's session log; nothing about a grant persists past the call that asked. An idle request or audit append failure rejects instead of returning an unaudited decision.
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One ask under this composition, verbatim from the sandbox example's recorded `escalation-approved` scenario — the model requests a sandbox escalation, the gate asks, the bridge prompts the owning editor, the user clicks Allow once:
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@@ -49,45 +49,44 @@ The `escalation-rejected` twin ends in `{"outcome": "rejected"}` instead: nothin
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#### The seam: mechanism and policy split
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-After validation and an `approval/asked` append, `request()` resolves to `allowed-once`, `rejected`, `cancelled`, or `unavailable`. The service borrows the readonly request, runs the answerer waterfall, races cancellation, and normalizes thrown or invalid answers to `unavailable`. It then appends the matching `approval/decided`, paired by `ApprovalRequestId`.
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+After validation and a successful `approval/asked` append, the service resolves the `approval/request` waterfall to `allowed-once`, `rejected`, `cancelled`, or `unavailable`. It borrows the readonly request identity and signal, treats abort as `cancelled`, contains answerer failures and invalid returns as `unavailable`, discards late answers, and appends the paired `approval/decided` event. Pre-commit audit failures reject; post-append observer failures cannot undo an authoritative event. `allowed-once` authorizes only the asked action, and `request()` rejects outside an open turn so the audit pair remains inside the durable commit boundary.
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-Both audit events must be inside an open turn; acceptance or a pre-commit append failure rejects the request. Post-commit observers are contained by the session. `allowed-once` grants only the requested action, and the service retains no grant state.
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+Answerers are `approval/request` waterfall listeners. Zero listeners fall through to `unavailable`; a recognizing listener occupies the first-wins decision slot, while an unrecognized agent must delegate with `next()`. Listeners dispose with their fibers, so an unloaded channel fails closed. Because sibling registration order is not deterministic, a deployment composes one terminal answerer and reserves `prepend` for decide-or-delegate gates.
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-Answerers are `approval/request` waterfall listeners. A listener returns an outcome for an agent it owns and calls `next()` otherwise. With no answerer, the default is `unavailable`; unloading a UI therefore fails closed without leaving a channel. Because sibling registration order is not deterministic, a deployment composes one terminal answerer and uses `prepend` only for decide-or-delegate gates.
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-
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-`ApprovalRequest` carries the agent, tool name, optional `callId`, reason, and signal. The agent routes both the prompt and audit events. The request uses `dsh-llm`'s `CallId` without importing `dsh-tools`, avoiding a package cycle. Tool arguments are omitted because UI answerers attach to the already-rendered call.
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+`ApprovalRequest` carries the asking `agent`, `toolName`, optional exact `callId`, human-readable `reason`, and optional `signal`. It uses the `CallId` brand without importing `dsh-tools`, which depends on this seam. Tool arguments stay on the already-streamed call that a UI references by `callId`.
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#### Ask routing in dsh-tools
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-`ToolRegistry.execute()` sends `ask` through the approval seam before the deny path. Only `allowed-once` proceeds; rejection, cancellation, and an unavailable channel produce distinct model-visible reasons. The registry looks up the optional service per call, so an absent or unloaded service fails closed without gating the registry fiber. Agent-less execution also fails closed because it cannot be routed or audited.
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+`ToolRegistry.execute()` resolves `ask` before dispatch: `allowed-once` proceeds, while rejection, cancellation, and channel absence produce distinct deny reasons. Opportunistic `ctx.get('approval')` consumption lets an absent or unmounted service fail closed without gating the registry fiber. Agent-less execution also fails closed because it has neither an audit session nor a UI owner.
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#### The per-session policy tier
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-The seam owns the session policy `'ask' | 'never'`, following the switching contract in the [sandbox RFC](2026-07-06-sandbox.md). The effective session or config policy is applied before answerers: `'never'` rejects inside `request()`, while `'ask'` dispatches and falls through to `unavailable` when unanswered. The prompt states only deterministic `'never'`; the narrator reports switches, and every request still receives its audit pair.
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+The seam also owns the session-scoped `'ask' | 'never'` policy described by [the sandbox Agent Note](2026-07-06-sandbox.md). Effective policy is folded from logged switches over the deployment default. `'never'` resolves to `rejected` inside `request()` before any answerer can run; `'ask'` dispatches and otherwise falls through to `unavailable`. The prompt states only deterministic `'never'`, switch narration is coalesced, and every request still records the audit pair.
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#### The ACP answerer
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-The ACP bridge finds the owning session, sends `session/request_permission` for the `callId`, and maps one-shot allow, reject, and cancel responses to the seam vocabulary. Unknown selections never grant. Foreign agents and requests without a `callId` delegate via `next()`; RPC failure becomes `unavailable`. The bridge answers requests but does not decide which calls require approval.
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+The ACP bridge answers only for an exact agent object owned by its forward session map. It attaches `session/request_permission` to the existing `callId`, advertises one-shot allow/reject options, maps cancellation separately, and never grants an unknown option. Foreign or call-less requests delegate; a failed client RPC becomes `unavailable`. Hooks and `tools/pre-execute` decide whether a call asks at all.
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-The answerer routes through the bridge's reverse-map ownership seam described by [the ACP support RFC](../../implemented/feature/2026-06-14-acp-agent-client-protocol.md), implementing the per-session permission ownership required by [the multi-session RFC](../../implemented/feature/2026-06-14-acp-multi-session.md).
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+The answerer routes through the bridge's exact-agent ownership check described by [the ACP support Agent Note](2026-06-14-acp-agent-client-protocol.md), implementing the per-session permission ownership required by [the multi-session Agent Note](2026-06-14-acp-multi-session.md).
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#### Audit, and what the model sees
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-`approval/asked` and `approval/decided` are durable log-only events. The model sees only the asker's logged `tool/result`. Every accepted request appends one matching decision, including cancellation and contained answerer failures.
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+`approval/asked` and `approval/decided` are durable log-only events; the model sees only the ordinary tool result derived from the outcome. Successful completion commits one `decided` per `asked`, including cancellation and contained answerer failure. Idle requests append neither event; a pre-commit failure rejects, while failure of the second append can leave an already-committed `asked` unmatched.
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#### Entities and dependencies
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-`dsh-user-approval` owns the fixed dispatch-and-audit mechanism; `dsh-tools` asks and `dsh-acp` answers. Replaceable answerers remain listeners in their channel-owning plugins, so a three-package capability split would add an empty implementation layer. Sandbox executors remain transport-only, and static capability grants remain separate from interactive approval.
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+`dsh-user-approval` depends on Cordis plus the session, agent, and branded-call contracts; `dsh-tools` and `dsh-acp` consume it. The sandbox executor stays independent because `dsh-tool-bash` owns escalation requests. The fixed dispatch-and-audit service remains one package; replaceable answerers live with their channel owners. Static capability grants and `subagent-acp` child-side permission answers remain separate concerns.
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### Testing
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-- **Unit/integration:** cover first-wins delegation, fail-closed defaults, malformed and throwing answerers, cancellation races and late-answer discard, audit pairing despite observer failures, unbypassable `'never'`, distinct tool-denial reasons, and ACP per-session routing/outcome mapping.
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-- **Snapshot:** script permission answers through both sandbox escalation branches and pin the `'never'` prompt plus policy-switch notice. Hook-produced asks without a composed answerer remain covered as fail-closed denial.
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+Unit tests pin outcomes, first-wins delegation, containment, cancellation, scoped routing, audit pairing, the unbypassable `'never'` policy, tool deny reasons, and ACP ownership/outcome mapping through a real scripted bridge.
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+
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+Snapshots record allowed and rejected sandbox escalation through `session/request_permission`, plus the `'never'` prompt and policy-switch notice. Unscripted permission prompts cancel and fail closed.
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## Deferred
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-- **`allow_always` grant storage** — honoring a persistent grant means designing storage, scope identity (call? path? prefix? session? time window?), and revocation; until designed, only the one-shot options are advertised ([the sandbox RFC](2026-07-06-sandbox.md) § Escalation records the open scope question).
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-- **A recorded hook-produced ask with a composed answerer** — escalation records the human-prompt wire, while the current hook fixture pins the no-service denial; their combined producer/answerer path remains unit-covered.
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+- **`allow_always` grant storage** — honoring a persistent grant means designing storage, scope identity (call? path? prefix? session? time window?), and revocation; until designed, only the one-shot options are advertised ([the sandbox Agent Note](2026-07-06-sandbox.md) § Escalation records the open scope question).
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+- **A recorded hook-driven `ask` through a composed answerer** — the human-prompt wire is recorded through the sandbox example's escalation branches. The hook matrix's `hook-cc-pretool-ask` pins the no-ApprovalService fallback denial, while the hook-producer-plus-answerer composition remains on the unit tier.
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- **Routing a child agent's approvals to the parent session** — `subagent-acp`'s child auto-answers its own `permission` requests; surfacing them to the parent's editor is its own design.
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## Alternatives considered
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@@ -101,16 +100,18 @@ The answerer routes through the bridge's reverse-map ownership seam described by
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## Consequences
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-- Only `allowed-once` dispatches an asked-about action; absent, rejected, cancelled, or failed answer paths deny.
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-- Session ownership routes prompts, policy, and audit events without crossing editor sessions.
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-- Accepted requests append one durable audit pair; the model sees only the resulting tool result.
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-- A deployment without the service emits no approval prompt or audit events and denies every `ask` at the tool boundary.
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+The implemented contract is pinned by the suites in Testing:
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+
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+- `allowed-once` dispatches one action; every other outcome denies with a distinct reason, and `'never'` rejects before prompting.
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+- Missing, foreign, agent-less, throwing, invalid, and disconnected answer paths fail closed.
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+- Successful requests route by exact agent ownership and append one replayable, model-invisible audit pair; idle and pre-commit failures reject.
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+- ACP ownership keeps prompts inside their session, while a deployment without the service emits no prompt or audit events.
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Costs and accepted limits:
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- **Two decide-eager answerers race for the slot.** Sibling-plugin listener order is not deterministic, so the seam cannot referee competing terminal answerers — mitigated by convention (one terminal answerer per deployment; `prepend` only for decide-or-delegate gates) rather than a priority mechanism the event bus does not have.
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- **Production exercise rests on one composition.** `ask` has two producer families — the hook bridges through `tools/pre-execute`, and sandbox escalation through its own gate — with the wire recorded in the sandbox example's snapshot suite, so the seam's real-world coverage is that one composition until more deployments compose it.
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-- **Ownership keys on `Agent` object identity.** The answerer resolves sessions through the bridge's existing WeakMap; every current path hands the same object through the loop and the seams, but a future boundary that clones or proxies agents would make the bridge delegate and fail closed — safe, but silently UI-less — and would need session-id matching instead.
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+- **Ownership keys on `Agent` object identity.** The answerer resolves the forward session-map record at `agent.session.id`, then requires that record to own the exact agent object; every current path hands the same object through the loop and the seams, but a future boundary that clones or proxies agents would make the bridge delegate and fail closed — safe, but silently UI-less — and would need a different ownership contract.
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## FAQ
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@@ -118,10 +119,10 @@ Costs and accepted limits:
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- **Can a grant persist — "always allow this"?** No. `allowed-once` authorizes the single asked-about action and the service stores nothing between requests; `allow_always` is deliberately not advertised until grant storage is designed (§ Deferred).
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- **What does the model see of an approval?** Only the tool result the asker derives from the outcome — the audit pair never enters the transcript. The three non-grant reasons are distinct, so the model can tell a human "no" from a dismissed prompt from a missing channel.
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- **Who decides whether a call asks in the first place?** Policy producers: a hook returning `permissionDecision: ask`, any `tools/pre-execute` listener, or the sandbox escalation gate. The seam and the bridge only route and answer; neither injects its own judgment about what deserves a prompt.
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-- **What happens when the user dismisses the prompt, or the turn aborts mid-ask?** Dismissal maps to `cancelled` with its own deny text. An already-aborted signal settles `cancelled` without dispatching; an abort during the ask discards the late answer — one audit pair either way, never two.
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+- **What happens when the user dismisses the prompt, or the turn aborts mid-ask?** Dismissal maps to `cancelled` with its own deny text. An already-aborted signal settles `cancelled` without dispatching; an abort during the ask discards the late answer. When both audit appends commit, either path records one pair, never two.
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- **What if the client answers with an option the harness never offered?** Any selection other than the offered `allow_once` maps to `rejected` — an unknown optionId from a non-conforming client can never grant.
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- **How do subagents' approvals route?** An agent no answerer owns delegates through the whole waterfall and fails closed — in-process subagents are deliberately unanswerable. `subagent-acp`'s child-side auto-answer is separate; routing a child's asks to the parent's editor is deferred (§ Deferred).
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-- **What does `policy: 'never'` actually change at runtime?** The service resolves every ask for that session to `rejected` before dispatching any answerer (in-service, so no registration order can bypass it); the system prompt states the policy; switches are narrated at boundaries; the audit pair still lands for every auto-rejection.
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+- **What does `policy: 'never'` actually change at runtime?** The service resolves every ask for that session to `rejected` before dispatching any answerer (in-service, so no registration order can bypass it); the system prompt states the policy; switches are narrated at boundaries; each successful auto-rejection records the audit pair.
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- **What happens across a hot reload, or when the UI plugin unloads mid-session?** Answerers dispose with their owning fiber, so the next ask degrades to `unavailable` instead of hanging on a dead channel; remounting re-registers the answerer with no catch-up state.
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- **Where does the user see what they are approving?** On the tool call itself: the prompt attaches to the already-streamed call via `callId` — arguments included — and adds the asker's human-readable `reason`; the request carries no argument copy of its own.
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@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ Costs and accepted limits:
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In-repo precedents this design copies or contrasts with:
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- The `fs/write-intent` gate (`packages/fs/fs/`) — the documented single-occupancy decision-slot waterfall semantics (first answer wins, delegate via `next()`) the answerer contract reuses.
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-- `hook/invoked`/`hook/result` — the log-only audit-pair precedent `approval/asked`/`approval/decided` follows; [the hook-bridges RFC](2026-06-30-hook-bridges.md) ships `permissionDecision: ask`, the first producer.
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-- [The interception-seams RFC](2026-06-30-interception-seams.md) — the `tools/pre-execute` `allow`/`deny`/`ask` vocabulary whose `ask` this seam services.
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-- [The ACP support RFC](../../implemented/feature/2026-06-14-acp-agent-client-protocol.md) — the `WeakMap<Agent, sessionId>` ownership seam the answerer routes through; [the multi-session RFC](../../implemented/feature/2026-06-14-acp-multi-session.md) — the per-session permission-ownership blocker this implements.
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+- `hook/invoked`/`hook/result` — the log-only audit-pair precedent `approval/asked`/`approval/decided` follows; [the hook-bridges Agent Note](2026-06-30-hook-bridges.md) ships `permissionDecision: ask`, the first producer.
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+- [The interception-seams Agent Note](2026-06-30-interception-seams.md) — the `tools/pre-execute` `allow`/`deny`/`ask` vocabulary whose `ask` this seam services.
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+- [The ACP support Agent Note](2026-06-14-acp-agent-client-protocol.md) — the exact-agent ownership check against the forward session map that the answerer routes through; [the multi-session Agent Note](2026-06-14-acp-multi-session.md) — the per-session permission-ownership blocker this implements.
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- The opportunistic `ctx.get()` consumption pattern (`tool-bash`'s owner-token lookup, the loop's persistence probe) — how `dsh-tools` consumes the seam without gating its fiber on it.
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