feat: return typed values from Code Mode

.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ Long-running tools are producers. `dsh-tool-bash` adapts a `BashProcess` into in
 
 The literal types live in the [task data-structure catalog](../../../../docs/core-data-structures/tasks.md). A producer calls `ctx.tasks.start()` with a kind, label, optional owning `Agent`, and a `run()` function. The runtime completes all failable preflight work before calling `run()` and invokes it once. After `run()` returns hooks, registration commits without another failable step; a producer cannot start work that lacks a collectable task id.
 
+A model-facing producer exposes that committed id in its canonical success value, normally `{ kind: 'background', taskId }`; Native rendering may keep human-readable prose. A pre-aborted background call fails rather than returning a no-op because no task exists to satisfy the promised handle. Once registration publishes the id, cancellation belongs to the task's own controller and the task runtime: later cancellation of the producing tool call must not kill the published task. `task_kill`, owner disposal, and service teardown request cancellation; foreground execution remains coupled to the call's `exec.signal`.
+
 The producer hooks define three responsibilities:
 
 - `cancel(reason?)` synchronously requests termination, is idempotent, and must cause `done` to settle.

.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ Three decisions, each elaborated in its own section below:
 2. **Code execution is a capability seam** — `packages/code-runtime/` contains the interface package `@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime`, which owns `ctx.codeRuntime` ([capability seams](../architecture/2026-06-13-capability-seams.md); consumer = `dsh-tools`, with core-consumes-a-seam precedent in `agent-loop` → `dsh-llm`). The runtime knows nothing about tools: it is handed a program and named async bindings, runs the program, and reports `{ value, logs, error? }`. Language and substrate are backend properties, so a future Python or container backend is another implementation package, not a redesign.
 3. **The shipped implementation is `@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker`**: one fresh Node worker thread per run, executing the model's TypeScript after type-strip, with bindings bridged over the message port, an empty environment, configurable heap/output/time caps, and hard termination. Its trust posture is bash-equivalent by design — no unsafe-acknowledgement flags — because the harness already ships `dsh-bash-local`, which executes arbitrary model-written shell commands with strictly *more* ambient authority.
 
+This note owns Code Mode's presentation, composition, isolation, and settlement foundation. The later [typed tool-return Agent Note](2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md) owns the generated output map, canonical binding values, `ToolCallError`, and the lossless outer-output boundary.
+
 ### The registry owns the mode
 
 `ToolRegistry` gains a schemastery-validated config (`static Config`), its first: `mode: 'native' | 'code' | 'both'`, default `'native'`. A deployment flips it from `cordis.yml` (`tools: { mode: code }`) — no code edit, per the no-hardcoded-tunables convention.
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ Three decisions, each elaborated in its own section below:
 
 Under `'code'` and `'both'` the registry owns `run_code` as a reserved presentation transport with one required parameter, `{ code: string }`. It is represented by a normal `ToolDefinition` for dispatch but stays outside the filterable capability layers, so restrictions cannot accidentally remove Code Mode's only entry point. Calls traverse the complete tool pipeline — `tools/pre-execute` → monotonic guards → `tools/execute` around dispatch → `tools/post-execute` → immutable `tools/result` notification — exactly like native calls; a permission plugin can inspect the program text before it runs, and final-result observers see the normalized outer outcome. Its `execute(args, exec)`:
 
-1. **Build bindings.** One run-scoped signal follows outer cancellation and is aborted whenever the run settles. Each visible tool binding JSON-normalizes its arguments—rejecting lossy values before dispatch—waits on the serialization queue, executes with a deterministic call id and the outer token as `parent`, defers returned contexts through the outer execution, and logs `tool/code-dispatch`. Successful text becomes a string and non-text blocks become placeholders; tool errors reject the binding promise. Every sub-call retains its own immutable execution identity and traverses the full tool pipeline.
+1. **Build bindings.** One run-scoped signal follows outer cancellation and is aborted whenever the run settles. Each visible tool binding snapshots lossless-JSON arguments, waits on the serialization queue, executes with a deterministic call id and the outer token as `parent`, defers returned contexts through the outer execution, and logs `tool/code-dispatch`. Success returns the tool's final canonical JSON value; failure becomes the program-visible `ToolCallError`. Every sub-call retains its own immutable execution identity and traverses the full tool pipeline.
 2. **Runs the program**: `ctx.codeRuntime.run({ program: args.code, bindings: [{ global: 'tools', functions }], signal: runController.signal })`. The runtime receives the run-scoped signal, not only the caller's outer signal, so any way the outer run settles also aborts work inside the runtime.
 3. **Settle after quiescence.** When the runtime settles, the bridge aborts outstanding work and drains the dispatch queue before returning. Success returns captured output and presentation metadata. A runtime failure becomes `CodeRunFailedError`; backend rejection uses the registry's normal error boundary. Both produce structured error results, and no sub-call can append after `run_code` settles.
 
@@ -57,10 +59,9 @@ Each sub-dispatch appends a log-only `tool/code-dispatch` event containing paren
 `packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/` — `@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime`, depending only on `cordis`. An abstract `CodeRuntime extends Service` (`super(ctx, 'codeRuntime')`) plus the vocabulary:
 
 - `CodeRunRequest = { program: string; bindings: CodeBindingNamespace[]; signal?: AbortSignal }`
-- `CodeBindingNamespace = { global: string; functions: Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>> }` — the runtime exposes each namespace as a global object of async functions inside the program; binding arguments and resolutions must be structured-cloneable (a runtime may cross a serialization boundary; ours does).
-- `CodeRunResult = { value?: unknown; logs: CodeLogEntry[]; error?: CodeRunFailure }` — program execution outcomes, including exception, timeout, abort, and worker exit, resolve as the `error` field. `run()` may reject only for caller/seam misuse (for example a duplicate binding namespace); consumers still contain a non-conforming backend rejection at their own error boundary.
-- `CodeLogEntry = { source: 'console' | 'stdout' | 'stderr'; level?: 'log' | 'info' | 'warn' | 'error' | 'debug'; text: string }`
-- `CodeRunFailure = { kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit'; message: string }` — orthogonal outcomes reported independently per [defensive patterns](../../../../docs/defensive-patterns.md); a timed-out run is not an exception, an abort is not a timeout.
+- `CodeBindingNamespace = { global: string; functions: Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<CodeJsonValue>> }` — the runtime exposes each namespace as a global object of async functions inside the program; `CodeJsonValue` is this dependency-light seam's structural lossless-JSON type, so binding arguments and resolutions cross the implementation's serialization boundary whole.
+- `CodeRunResult = { value?: CodeJsonValue; logs: string[]; error?: CodeRunFailure }` — program execution outcomes resolve as the `error` field. `run()` may reject only for caller/seam misuse (for example a duplicate binding namespace); consumers still contain a non-conforming backend rejection at their own error boundary.
+- `CodeRunFailure = { kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit' | 'invalid-output' | 'output-limit'; message: string }` — orthogonal outcomes reported independently per [defensive patterns](../../../../docs/defensive-patterns.md); a timed-out run is not an exception, an abort is not a timeout, a lossy completion is not an overflow, and a substrate exit is none of them.
 - Two readonly backend descriptors, informational not gating: `language` (what the program must be written in — `'typescript'` for the shipped backend; a Python backend would say so, and pair with its own SDK generator on the presentation side) and `isolation` (`'worker-thread'` for the shipped backend; `'process'`, `'container'`, … for future ones). `dsh-tools` requires `language === 'typescript'` in the MVP — its codegen emits TS — and fails the assembly loudly otherwise, the same misconfiguration idiom as `toolOrder` violations (as when `mode` is non-native with no `ctx.codeRuntime` loaded at all).
 
 Requests contain every runtime input; implementations own validated timeout and cap defaults. The registry looks up the optional runtime only when Code Mode is assembled, so native mode does not depend on one. Missing or language-incompatible runtimes fail loudly. Alternate substrates or languages can replace the implementation behind the same seam, paired with the appropriate SDK generator.
@@ -71,9 +72,9 @@ Requests contain every runtime input; implementations own validated timeout and
 
 1. **Type-strip host-side** with Node's built-in `stripTypeScriptTypes` (`node:module`; present across the repo's whole engines range, `^22.19.0 || >=24.0.0`, and position-preserving, so runtime error line numbers match the model's source). Strip-only mode rejects non-erasable syntax (`enum`, namespaces) — that rejection returns as `error.kind: 'exception'` with Node's message, the SDK instructions say "erasable TypeScript only", and the model self-corrects like any other program error. A syntax-level failure never spawns a worker.
 2. **Spawn one fresh `Worker` per run** from the package's own bootstrap module: `env: {}` (truly empty — stronger than the scrubbed-env rule for spawned commands), `resourceLimits` from config, `stdout`/`stderr` captured into `logs` rather than inherited. No pooling and no cross-run state: a program's world dies with its worker, which keeps runs reconstructable from the log alone and makes state bleed unrepresentable.
-3. **Execute** in the bootstrap: the stripped program becomes the body of an `AsyncFunction` whose parameters are the binding globals and a capturing `console` shim, so top-level `await` and `return` work and the program's completion value is the run's `value` (structured-cloneable values cross as-is; anything else is replaced by its `util.inspect` rendering, documented).
+3. **Execute** in the bootstrap: the stripped program becomes the body of an `AsyncFunction` whose parameters are the binding globals, the real `ToolCallError` class, and a capturing `console` shim, so top-level `await` and `return` work. A lossless JSON completion crosses exactly; `undefined` remains absence, a lossy value is `invalid-output`, and an oversized outer result is `output-limit` rather than an inspected-string substitute.
 4. **Bridge bindings over the message port**: each binding function in the worker posts `{ id, global, name, args }` and awaits the reply; the host validates the name against the request's bindings, invokes, and replies `{ id, ok, value }` or `{ id, ok: false, message }` (a host-side binding rejection becomes a program-side rejection). The worker-side namespace objects are built null-prototype via `defineProperty`, so a binding named `__proto__`, `constructor`, or `toString` is an ordinary own property, not a prototype collision. Unknown names, duplicate ids, and post-settlement messages are rejected or ignored — the port protocol assumes a hostile peer, because the peer runs model code.
-5. **Enforce independent budgets.** `computeMs` meters worker busy time, allowing slow awaited tools without excusing a hot loop. `maxWallMs` bounds total elapsed time, including unresolved waits. Expiry, cancellation, and completion terminate the worker. Heap exits and truncation are reported explicitly; compute, wall, heap, log, and return-value caps are validated configuration.
+5. **Enforce independent budgets.** `computeMs` meters worker busy time, allowing slow awaited tools without excusing a hot loop. `maxWallMs` bounds total elapsed time, including unresolved waits. `maxOutputBytes` bounds only the combined serialized outer logs, completion, or diagnostic; intermediate binding values have no byte cap. Expiry, cancellation, and completion terminate the worker, and heap exits or outer overflow are explicit failures.
 6. **Dispose to quiescence**: the service's own disposal terminates in-flight workers and *awaits* their exits before resolving, per [defensive patterns](../../../../docs/defensive-patterns.md).
 
 ### Trust posture
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ Deployments switching to `'code'` must update any native-only `toolOrder`. Assem
 
 ## Testing
 
-- **Worker runtime:** Real-worker tests cover output and value capture, failure kinds, compute and wall budgets, hostile binding traffic, empty environment, structured-clone fallback, output caps, and disposal to quiescence. A built-package test runs the worker entry under plain Node.
+- **Worker runtime:** Real-worker tests cover typed binding values and failures, every lossless JSON completion root, invalid and over-limit output, exact combined ledger boundaries, compute and wall budgets, hostile binding traffic, empty environment, and disposal to quiescence. A built-package test runs the worker entry under plain Node.
 - **Registry integration:** Tests cover code generation, all presentation modes, reserved-name and restriction rules, scoped visibility, authoritative assembly rewrites, `toolOrder`, runtime compatibility failures, full-pipeline sub-dispatch, parent-token correlation, serialization, cancellation and queue drain, JSON normalization, error propagation, log events, ordered context deferral across successful and failed programs, outer-block suppression, and HMR cleanup.
 - **With-key e2e:** A real model composes two bash calls in one program; another discovers nested workspace instructions through a Code Mode fs dispatch. The tests verify collapsed request headers, correlated dispatch events, resulting files, deferred context, and model behavior.
 - **Snapshot:** The `code-mode-turn`, `both-mode-turn`, and `code-mode-workspace-context` fixtures pin SDK text, header tool lists, dispatch events, deferred context, and result cards.

.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.i18n.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
+# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
+# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
+#   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
+2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md: 1beecbc9e5f61ac5dce50aeba508ce75cb0ce507
+2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.zh.md: 0dbad69f6b8120e0904f026961b004855d23f3ab

.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# Agent Note: Typed tool returns in Code Mode
+
+Status: implemented
+
+English | [中文](2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.zh.md)
+
+## Problem
+
+Code Mode originally projected each nested tool result back from `ContentBlock[]` into one string. That preserved the human-readable Native surface but erased the canonical result the tool had already produced: programs had to scrape task ids and dynamic mount ids from prose, structured search and workflow results lost their shape, and non-text blocks became placeholders. The generated SDK could describe arguments but could only promise `Promise<string>` regardless of the tool's real output.
+
+The runtime also treated binding values and the final program value as presentation data. Separate log and completion caps could replace an oversized or non-cloneable completion with inspected text even though intermediate values do not enter model context. That made programmatic composition lossy and confused the memory boundary with the prompt boundary.
+
+The [canonical tool-output contract](../architecture/2026-07-20-canonical-tool-output-contract.md) establishes one validated execution-time value and a separate Native renderer. Code Mode should consume that value directly, preserve it across the worker boundary, and bound only the final output the program deliberately returns to the model.
+
+## Decision
+
+Code Mode is a typed projection of the visible tool registry. Each successful binding resolves to the final canonical `JsonValue` after post-execute policy, while a failed binding rejects with a real `ToolCallError`. Intermediate values remain inside the run and cross the worker boundary whole. Only the outer `run_code` logs, completion value, or failure diagnostic enter the configurable output ledger and the model-facing spill pipeline.
+
+This note owns the return and failure contract layered on the original [Code Mode foundation](2026-06-15-code-mode.md). The unified schema vocabulary is owned by the [JSON-value schema DSL note](../architecture/2026-07-20-unified-json-value-schema-dsl.md), and Native rendering and policy projection remain owned by the canonical-output note.
+
+### Generated SDK
+
+At each prompt assembly the registry projects every visible tool's parameter schema and detached canonical output schema into one deterministic declaration:
+
+```ts ignore-check
+type JsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | JsonValue[] | { [key: string]: JsonValue }
+
+interface ToolArgsMap {
+  // one exact inferred entry per visible tool
+}
+
+interface ToolOutputMap {
+  // one exact inferred entry per visible tool
+}
+
+type ToolName = keyof ToolOutputMap
+
+declare class ToolCallError extends Error {
+  readonly name: 'ToolCallError'
+  readonly toolName: ToolName
+}
+
+declare const tools: {
+  [K in ToolName]: (args: ToolArgsMap[K]) => Promise<ToolOutputMap[K]>
+}
+```
+
+`jsonSchemaToTs()` covers every supported unified-schema node: object, array, string, number, integer, boolean, null, unconstrained JSON, scalar `enum` and `const`, and `oneOf`. Unsupported raw constructs degrade to `unknown` during prompt generation rather than breaking assembly. Tool names retain their exact keys, including names that require quoted access.
+
+### Binding values and failures
+
+Before dispatch the bridge snapshots binding arguments as lossless JSON and makes independent clones for execution and the durable summary event. `undefined`, non-finite numbers, `-0`, sparse arrays, cycles, functions, and exotic objects reject that call before the tool runs. Successful dispatch returns `ToolExecutionResult.value`; Native `content`, metadata, and internal error information do not cross to the program.
+
+The worker exposes the actual `ToolCallError` constructor used for `tools` binding failures, so `error instanceof ToolCallError` works. The error has the standard `Error` message plus the exact `toolName`; it deliberately omits `ToolFailure.info`, error codes, and Native content. This is an exception contract for control flow, not a failure union for programmatic classification.
+
+Binding arguments and resolutions are revalidated as lossless JSON on both sides of the hostile worker protocol and cross through structured clone with no byte cap. The dependency-light runtime seam names its structural equivalent `CodeJsonValue` so it need not depend on the session-owned canonical type; the generated SDK and tool API use `JsonValue`. Intermediate values are not prompt-truncated, context-spilled, or persisted. This preserves full acquired search, workflow, task, filesystem, and MCP values for programmatic filtering while leaving provider and executor acquisition limits truthful.
+
+### Outer result and output ledger
+
+The runtime accepts an exact lossless JSON completion of any root. Returning `undefined` omits the completion; returning `null` is an explicit result. `run_code` exposes the canonical outer value `{ logs: string[], result?: JsonValue }`. Its Native renderer emits logs first, renders a string result raw, and pretty-prints every other JSON root.
+
+`WorkerCodeRuntime` replaces the former independent log and value caps with configurable `maxOutputBytes`, defaulting to `67_108_864` bytes. One host-side hostile-peer ledger accounts the JSON serialization of the outer logs array plus either the completion value or failure diagnostic. A result at or below the cap is exact. A completion that cannot survive lossless JSON snapshotting fails as `invalid-output`; a value or combined logs/value outcome over the cap fails as `output-limit` rather than becoming inspected or truncated text.
+
+Logs stream eagerly so a terminated run can retain output already admitted. When the cap is crossed, the runtime returns an explicit bounded failure with the fitting captured prefix. That outer result then traverses the ordinary `run_code` rendering and spill policy, which may save the captured text and expose its configured head/tail preview. The spill layer cannot recover bytes the runtime rejected beyond the hard cap.
+
+Compute time, wall time, worker heap, cancellation, and fresh-worker isolation remain independent limits. The outer ledger never charges intermediate bindings, so structured-clone cost and available process or worker memory are their practical bounds.
+
+### Typed handles and lifetime
+
+Background producers return a typed canonical handle such as `{ kind: 'background', taskId }` while retaining their established Native sentence. A pre-aborted background call remains a failure because successful output promises an id and no task was created. After `ctx.tasks.start()` publishes the id, task-owned cancellation governs the work: settlement or later cancellation of the enclosing `run_code` call does not kill it. A later program can pass the returned id to `task_output`, and `task_kill`, owner disposal, or service teardown owns cancellation. Foreground execution remains coupled to the call signal. The task lifetime contract is owned by the [background task runtime note](../architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md).
+
+Dynamic Cordis mounting follows the same rule: `cordis_mount` returns `{ id, pluginName, state, provides, waitingFor }`, so a program can read `mounted.id`, inspect active or pending state, and pass that id to `cordis_unmount` without parsing the stable Native sentence.
+
+### Persistence, metadata, and spill
+
+Nested dispatch keeps the existing bounded `tool/code-dispatch.resultSummary` for diagnostics but does not persist canonical values. `tool/result` continues to persist only rendered content, error, and optional metadata. This is deliberately not a session-format change, so `SESSION_FORMAT_VERSION` remains unchanged and replay cannot recreate intermediate program values.
+
+The opaque `exec.parent` token marks nested calls. Presentation metadata and generic or tool-owned spill projections skip those calls because they have no direct result card and their canonical values never enter context. The outer `run_code` call alone computes presentation metadata, produces one card, and may spill its final post-policy presentation.
+
+## Testing
+
+Compile-time and snapshot tests pin exact `ToolArgsMap`, `ToolOutputMap`, `ToolName`, schema-to-TypeScript coverage, and exotic names. Registry and real-worker tests cover scalar, array, object, and null values; raw string rendering; absent `undefined`; the real `ToolCallError`; invalid arguments and completions; large uncapped intermediate bindings; nested spill suppression; exact and over-limit 64 MiB accounting; combined logs/value accounting; bounded failure spill; hostile forged traffic; and built-package execution.
+
+Keyless real-worker integration tests pin the two handle workflows that prose results could not safely support. A background bash call returns its task id, the outer run settles, and a later run polls that id to completion; separate cases prove pre-abort creates no task, post-publication call abort preserves the task, foreground execution stays signal-coupled, and `task_kill` owns cancellation. A Cordis program reads an active or pending mount's id and `waitingFor` fields directly, unmounts by that id, and confirms removal without parsing rendered text.
+
+## Alternatives considered
+
+**Return Native text plus optional JSON.** Rejected because the program would have two competing success contracts and would still need tool-specific parsing rules when the optional value is absent. Canonical value is the API; Native content is its presentation.
+
+**Expose a success/failure union from every binding.** Rejected because failure has no stable programmatic taxonomy. Rejections preserve ordinary `try`/`catch` control flow and expose only the tool name and human-readable message.
+
+**Cap each intermediate binding.** Rejected because intermediate values are not placed in model context and arbitrary truncation would corrupt programmatic composition. The producer's acquisition contract and process memory remain explicit boundaries.
+
+**Silently inspect or truncate an oversized completion.** Rejected because changing a JSON value into a string is lossy and type-incorrect. The explicit `output-limit` failure lets the model choose a smaller result, while the retained logs and diagnostic can still use normal outer spill.
+
+## Consequences
+
+Code programs can compose tools through stable values instead of reverse-engineering Native prose. Native and Both Mode retain their existing text and editor presentation, while Code Mode receives output-schema types and exact runtime JSON. Tool authors must treat the canonical value as their programmatic API and put display-only formatting in the renderer.
+
+The worker performs structured cloning and lossless validation but does not make intermediate values cheap or durable. Outer overflow is an explicit failed run, and error handling remains intentionally human-guided rather than a versioned code union.
+
+## Known Limitations and Deferred Work
+
+- Subagent and workflow caller-defined structured outputs remain object-rooted through consumer-level guards even though tool outputs may use any JSON root.
+- Post-execute has separate value and presentation projections; replacing content is not a confidentiality mechanism, so policy must block or replace the value to hide it from programmatic callers.
+- Intermediate canonical values are execution-local and unavailable to replay because durable events persist only presentation and bounded summaries.
+- Intermediate values have no byte cap and can exhaust process or worker memory through retention or structured-clone cost.
+- The 64 MiB hard cap applies only to outer output; spill cannot recover bytes rejected beyond that cap.
+- Provider or executor acquisition limits may already have discarded source data before a canonical value reaches Code Mode.
+- Unsupported MCP output schemas fall back to `JsonValue`; richer Native multimedia projection is deferred.
+- There is one result card per outer `run_code`, never per nested call.
+- Code failures expose `ToolCallError` message and tool name only, without a programmatic error-code union.

.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.zh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# Agent Note：Code Mode 的类型化工具返回值
+
+Status: implemented
+
+[English](2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md) | 中文
+
+## 问题
+
+Code Mode 过去会把每个嵌套工具的结果从 `ContentBlock[]` 重新投影为一个字符串。这样虽然保留了适合人类阅读的 Native 接口，却丢失了工具已经生成的规范结果：程序只能从自然语言中提取 task id 和动态挂载 id；结构化搜索与工作流结果失去原有形态；非文本块则变为占位符。生成的 SDK 可以描述参数，却无论工具实际输出为何都只能承诺 `Promise<string>`。
+
+运行时还把绑定值和程序最终返回值当作展示数据。日志和完成值分别设置上限，导致过大或无法克隆的完成值可能被替换为检查格式化后的文本，而中间值本来就不会进入模型上下文。这种设计使程序化组合产生信息损失，也混淆了内存边界与提示词边界。
+
+[规范工具输出契约](../architecture/2026-07-20-canonical-tool-output-contract.md)确立了单一、经过校验的执行期值，并将 Native 渲染器与之分离。Code Mode 应直接消费该值，在跨越 worker 边界时完整保留它，并且只限制程序有意返回给模型的最终输出。
+
+## 决策
+
+Code Mode 是可见工具注册表的类型化投影。每个成功的绑定调用都会解析为 post-execute 策略处理后的最终规范 `JsonValue`，失败的绑定调用则以真正的 `ToolCallError` reject。中间值只存在于本次运行中，并完整跨越 worker 边界。只有外层 `run_code` 的日志、完成值或失败诊断会进入可配置的输出账本以及面向模型的输出落盘流水线。
+
+本文档定义叠加在原始 [Code Mode 基础](2026-06-15-code-mode.md)之上的返回值与失败契约。统一 schema 词汇由 [JSON 值 schema DSL Agent Note](../architecture/2026-07-20-unified-json-value-schema-dsl.md)定义；Native 渲染与策略投影仍由规范输出 Agent Note 定义。
+
+### 生成的 SDK
+
+每次组装提示词时，注册表都会把每个可见工具的参数 schema 及其分离的规范输出 schema 投影为一份确定性声明：
+
+```ts ignore-check
+type JsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | JsonValue[] | { [key: string]: JsonValue }
+
+interface ToolArgsMap {
+  // one exact inferred entry per visible tool
+}
+
+interface ToolOutputMap {
+  // one exact inferred entry per visible tool
+}
+
+type ToolName = keyof ToolOutputMap
+
+declare class ToolCallError extends Error {
+  readonly name: 'ToolCallError'
+  readonly toolName: ToolName
+}
+
+declare const tools: {
+  [K in ToolName]: (args: ToolArgsMap[K]) => Promise<ToolOutputMap[K]>
+}
+```
+
+`jsonSchemaToTs()` 覆盖统一 schema 支持的所有节点：对象、数组、字符串、数字、整数、布尔值、null、无约束 JSON、标量 `enum` 与 `const`，以及 `oneOf`。提示词生成期间，不支持的原始结构会降级为 `unknown`，而不会导致组装失败。工具名会保留精确键名，包括必须使用引号访问的名称。
+
+### 绑定值与失败
+
+分发前，桥接层会把绑定参数快照为无损 JSON，并为执行和持久摘要事件分别创建独立副本。`undefined`、非有限数、`-0`、稀疏数组、循环引用、函数和非普通对象都会使该调用在工具运行前 reject。成功分发会返回 `ToolExecutionResult.value`；Native `content`、元数据和内部错误信息不会传入程序。
+
+worker 暴露的是真正用于 `tools` 绑定失败的 `ToolCallError` 构造函数，因此 `error instanceof ToolCallError` 能够成立。该错误包含标准的 `Error` 消息和确切的 `toolName`，并有意省略 `ToolFailure.info`、错误代码与 Native 内容。这是一项用于控制流的异常契约，而不是供程序分类的失败联合。
+
+绑定参数与绑定返回值会在不可信 worker 协议的两端重新校验为无损 JSON，再通过结构化克隆传输，且不设字节上限。为保持依赖轻量，运行时 seam 将结构等价类型命名为 `CodeJsonValue`，从而无需依赖会话侧拥有的规范类型；生成的 SDK 和工具 API 则使用 `JsonValue`。这些值不会经过提示词截断、上下文输出落盘或持久化。因此，程序可以完整筛选已经采集的搜索、工作流、任务、文件系统与 MCP 值，同时提供方和执行器的采集上限仍会实际生效。
+
+### 外层结果与输出账本
+
+运行时接受以任意 JSON 类型为根的精确无损完成值。返回 `undefined` 表示省略完成值；返回 `null` 则是显式结果。`run_code` 暴露规范外层值 `{ logs: string[], result?: JsonValue }`。其 Native 渲染器先输出日志；字符串结果保持原文，其他所有 JSON 根值采用美化格式输出。
+
+`WorkerCodeRuntime` 以可配置的 `maxOutputBytes` 取代彼此独立的日志与值上限，默认值为 `67_108_864` 字节。宿主侧为不可信对端维护一份统一账本，计入外层日志数组以及完成值或失败诊断的 JSON 序列化大小。结果不超过上限时会保持精确。完成值无法通过无损 JSON 快照时，以 `invalid-output` 失败；值本身或日志与值的组合超过上限时，以 `output-limit` 失败，而不会变成检查格式化后或截断的文本。
+
+日志会在产生时立即流出，因此运行被终止时仍可保留已经纳入额度的输出。超过上限后，运行时会返回一个显式的有界失败，并携带可容纳的已捕获前缀。该外层结果随后通过普通的 `run_code` 渲染与输出落盘策略；策略可以保存已捕获的文本，并暴露其配置指定的头尾预览。输出落盘层无法恢复运行时在硬上限之外拒绝的字节。
+
+计算时间、墙钟时间、worker 堆内存、取消和每次运行使用全新 worker 的隔离仍是互相独立的限制。外层账本从不计入中间绑定值，因此这些值实际受结构化克隆开销以及进程或 worker 可用内存限制。
+
+### 类型化句柄与生命周期
+
+后台 producer 返回类型化的规范句柄，例如 `{ kind: 'background', taskId }`，同时保留既有的 Native 语句。已预先中止的后台调用仍是失败，因为成功输出承诺返回 id，而此时并未创建任务。`ctx.tasks.start()` 发布 id 后，工作由任务自有的取消机制控制：外围 `run_code` 调用完成，或随后被取消，都不会终止该任务。后续程序可以把返回的 id 传给 `task_output`；取消则由 `task_kill`、owner dispose 或服务 teardown 负责。前台执行仍与本次调用的信号耦合。任务生命周期契约由[后台任务运行时 Agent Note](../architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md)定义。
+
+动态 Cordis 挂载遵循同一规则：`cordis_mount` 返回 `{ id, pluginName, state, provides, waitingFor }`，因此程序可以直接读取 `mounted.id`，检查 active 或 pending 状态，并把该 id 传给 `cordis_unmount`，无需解析稳定的 Native 语句。
+
+### 持久化、元数据与输出落盘
+
+嵌套分发会为诊断保留既有的有界 `tool/code-dispatch.resultSummary`，但不会持久化规范值。`tool/result` 继续只持久化渲染后的内容、错误和可选元数据。这并非会话格式变更，因此 `SESSION_FORMAT_VERSION` 保持不变，回放也无法重建程序的中间值。
+
+不透明的 `exec.parent` token 用于标识嵌套调用。由于这些调用没有直接对应的结果卡片，而且其规范值永远不会进入上下文，展示元数据以及通用或工具自有的输出落盘投影都会跳过它们。只有外层 `run_code` 调用会计算展示元数据、生成一张卡片，并且可能将 post-policy 处理后的最终展示写入落盘文件。
+
+## 测试
+
+编译期测试与快照测试锁定了精确的 `ToolArgsMap`、`ToolOutputMap`、`ToolName`、schema 到 TypeScript 的覆盖范围以及特殊名称。注册表与真实 worker 测试覆盖标量、数组、对象和 null 值；字符串原文渲染；缺席的 `undefined`；真正的 `ToolCallError`；无效参数与完成值；不设上限的大型中间绑定值；嵌套输出落盘抑制；64 MiB 上限内外的精确计量；日志与值的组合计量；有界失败的输出落盘；不可信对端伪造的流量；以及构建后包的执行。
+
+无密钥的真实 worker 集成测试锁定了自然语言结果无法安全支持的两种句柄工作流。后台 bash 调用返回 task id，外层运行结束，之后的运行再根据该 id 轮询直至任务完成；其他用例分别证明，预先中止不会创建任务、发布后的调用取消会保留任务、前台执行仍与信号耦合，并且取消归 `task_kill` 所有。Cordis 程序会直接读取 active 或 pending 挂载的 id 和 `waitingFor` 字段，按该 id 卸载，并在不解析渲染文本的情况下确认挂载已移除。
+
+## 备选方案
+
+**返回 Native 文本并附加可选 JSON：**不予采纳。程序会面对两套相互竞争的成功契约；可选值不存在时，仍需使用工具专属的解析规则。规范值才是 API；Native 内容只是它的展示。
+
+**让每个绑定返回成功／失败联合：**不予采纳。失败没有稳定的程序化分类体系。reject 保留普通的 `try`／`catch` 控制流，并且只暴露工具名与可供人阅读的消息。
+
+**限制每个中间绑定值：**不予采纳。中间值不会进入模型上下文，任意截断会破坏程序化组合。明确的边界仍是生产方的采集契约与进程内存。
+
+**静默检查格式化或截断过大的完成值：**不予采纳。把 JSON 值改成字符串既有损又违反类型。显式的 `output-limit` 失败让模型可以选择返回更小的结果，而保留的日志和诊断仍可使用普通的外层输出落盘机制。
+
+## 影响
+
+Code Mode 程序可以通过稳定值组合工具，无需逆向解析 Native 自然语言。Native 和 Both Mode 保留现有文本与编辑器展示，Code Mode 则获得输出 schema 类型和精确的运行时 JSON。工具作者必须把规范值视为程序化 API，并将仅用于展示的格式化放入渲染器。
+
+worker 会执行结构化克隆和无损校验，但不会降低中间值的开销，也不会使其具备持久性。外层输出溢出会显式导致运行失败，错误处理则有意由人类引导，而不是依赖带版本的错误代码联合。
+
+## 已知限制与延后工作
+
+- 即使工具输出可以采用任意 JSON 根，subagent 和工作流中由调用方定义的结构化输出仍通过消费方级别的门禁保持对象根限制。
+- Post-execute 分别提供值投影与展示投影；替换内容不是保密机制，因此策略若需向程序化调用方隐藏内容，就必须阻止调用或替换值。
+- 中间规范值仅存在于执行期间，无法用于回放，因为持久事件只存储展示和有界摘要。
+- 中间值没有字节上限，可能因保留成本或结构化克隆开销而耗尽进程或 worker 内存。
+- 64 MiB 硬上限只适用于外层输出；输出落盘无法恢复超出该上限后被拒绝的字节。
+- 提供方或执行器的采集上限可能在规范值到达 Code Mode 前就已丢弃部分源数据。
+- 不支持的 MCP 输出 schema 会回退为 `JsonValue`；更丰富的 Native 多媒体投影留待后续实现。
+- 每个外层 `run_code` 只有一张结果卡片，嵌套调用不会各自生成卡片。
+- Code Mode 失败只暴露 `ToolCallError` 的消息与工具名，不提供程序可用的错误代码联合。

docs/config-catalog.md

@@ -284,20 +284,14 @@ export interface Config {
    * nobody will resolve).
    */
   maxWallMs?: number
-  /** Shared byte budget for captured log text (console + raw stream writes), truncation marked in-band. */
-  maxLogBytes?: number
-  /**
-   * Byte cap for the completion value, measured by its real cross-boundary
-   * size (string bytes, or structured-clone wire size); an oversized or
-   * non-cloneable value crosses as a capped string rendering.
-   */
-  maxValueBytes?: number
+  /** Hard cap for the combined serialized outer logs, completion value, and failure diagnostic. */
+  maxOutputBytes?: number
   /** The worker's max old-generation heap in MiB (`resourceLimits`); overflow kills the worker, surfacing as kind `'worker-exit'`. */
   maxOldGenerationSizeMb?: number
 }
 ```
 
-Source: [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/index.ts:21`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/index.ts:20`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/index.ts)
 
 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-compact-basic`
 
@@ -1303,7 +1297,7 @@ export interface Config {
 export type ToolPresentationMode = 'native' | 'code' | 'both'
 ```
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:448`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:449`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ## `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tui`
 

docs/cookbook/adding-a-tool.i18n.yaml

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 # side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
 # after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
 #   pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write
-adding-a-tool.md: f94ddfaa9df53c0ee4596d683e676baae6bd85b2
-adding-a-tool.zh.md: 915dc8250c2bcfc490483f87c71e725b1f92f635
+adding-a-tool.md: 3ad7240c2210ef52b62d9a62561eb4b912a2b278
+adding-a-tool.zh.md: 79a2d0f82e0bf805e3f7be960a73fc762160c22f

docs/cookbook/adding-a-tool.md

@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ Registration is effect-based: disposing the plugin fiber unregisters the tool (w
 
 ## Long-running work
 
-Gate `run_in_background` with producer config, reject a pre-aborted call, then register through `ctx.tasks.start({ kind, label, owner: exec.agent, run })`. The runtime validates ownership and control-surface availability before `run()` starts work, then supplies the id, session fence, generic control tools, notices, and owner cleanup.
+Gate `run_in_background` with producer config, reject a pre-aborted call, then register through `ctx.tasks.start({ kind, label, owner: exec.agent, run })`. The runtime validates ownership and control-surface availability before `run()` starts work, then supplies the id, session fence, generic control tools, notices, and owner cleanup. A successful background branch returns a typed canonical handle such as `{ kind: 'background', taskId }`; its Native renderer may keep human prose such as `started background task bash-1`, but Code Mode must never parse that prose to recover the id.
 
-The producer supplies synchronous `cancel`, non-rejecting `done` that settles after resource cleanup, and optional consuming `readOutput` with bounded-output formatting. Once the id is returned, use a task-owned cancellation signal rather than `exec.signal`. See the [background task runtime Agent Note](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md) and `dsh-tool-bash` for a stream producer.
+The producer supplies synchronous `cancel`, non-rejecting `done` that settles after resource cleanup, and optional consuming `readOutput` with bounded-output formatting. A pre-aborted call is a failure because no task exists whose id could satisfy the successful output schema. Once `ctx.tasks.start()` publishes the id, use a task-owned cancellation signal rather than `exec.signal`: later outer-call cancellation stops waiting for the call but does not kill published work; `task_kill`, owner disposal, and service teardown own that lifetime. Foreground work remains coupled to `exec.signal`. See the [background task runtime Agent Note](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md) and `dsh-tool-bash` for a stream producer.
 
 ## Execution policy and observation
 
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ Prefer not to build deployment policy into the tool. Use `tools/pre-execute` for
 
 ## Code Mode reaches your tool for free
 
-In [Code Mode](../../packages/core/tools/README.md), every visible registered tool is available as `await tools.<name>(args)` without extra integration. The SDK derives parameters from the same JSON Schema, and calls re-enter the normal execution pipeline. Write descriptions as model-facing API docs; non-text result blocks become placeholders in programs.
+In [Code Mode](../../packages/core/tools/README.md), every visible registered tool is available as `await tools.<name>(args)` without extra integration. The generated `ToolArgsMap` and `ToolOutputMap` derive exact argument and canonical-return types from the same schemas, and calls re-enter the normal execution pipeline. A successful call resolves to the final canonical JSON value after policy, not to rendered Native content. A failed call rejects with the real `ToolCallError`; programs can inspect only its `name`, `toolName`, and human-readable `message`, not internal error codes or a failure union.
+
+Design `output.schema` as a useful programmatic API: return handles and fields directly, allow scalar/array/null roots when they are the honest value, and keep human explanation in `output.render`. Intermediate values are execution-local, are not persisted or prompt-truncated, and have no byte cap, so the producer's truthful acquisition bounds and process memory still matter. Only the outer `run_code` logs/result cross the configurable output cap and model-facing spill pipeline.
 
 ## How your tool renders in an editor (ACP presentation)
 

docs/cookbook/adding-a-tool.zh.md

@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ export function apply(ctx: Context) {
 
 ## 长时间运行的工作
 
-通过 producer 配置控制 `run_in_background`，拒绝已预先中止的调用，然后使用 `ctx.tasks.start({ kind, label, owner: exec.agent, run })` 注册任务。运行时会在 `run()` 启动工作前校验 owner 和控制面是否可用，随后提供 id、会话围栏、通用控制工具、通知和 owner cleanup。
+通过 producer 配置控制 `run_in_background`，拒绝已预先中止的调用，然后使用 `ctx.tasks.start({ kind, label, owner: exec.agent, run })` 注册任务。运行时会在 `run()` 启动工作前校验 owner 和控制面是否可用，随后提供 id、会话围栏、通用控制工具、通知和 owner cleanup。成功的后台分支会返回类型化的规范句柄，如 `{ kind: 'background', taskId }`；其 Native 渲染器可以保留 `started background task bash-1` 这类供人阅读的自然语言，但 Code Mode 绝不能通过解析该文本取得 id。
 
-producer 提供同步的 `cancel`、在资源清理后 settle 且不 reject 的 `done`，以及可选的消费式 `readOutput`（负责有界输出的格式化）。返回 id 后，应使用 task 自有的取消信号，而不是 `exec.signal`。流式 producer 的示例和完整契约见[后台 task 运行时 Agent Note](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md)与 `dsh-tool-bash`。
+producer 提供同步的 `cancel`、在资源清理后 settle 且不 reject 的 `done`，以及可选的消费式 `readOutput`（负责有界输出的格式化）。预先中止的调用属于失败，因为此时没有任务，其 id 无法满足成功输出 schema。`ctx.tasks.start()` 发布 id 后，应使用任务自有的取消信号，而不是 `exec.signal`：之后取消外层调用只会停止等待本次调用，不会终止已经发布的工作；该生命周期归 `task_kill`、owner dispose 和服务 teardown 所有。前台工作仍与 `exec.signal` 耦合。流式 producer 的示例和完整契约见[后台 task 运行时 Agent Note](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-20-generic-long-running-tool-runtime.md)与 `dsh-tool-bash`。
 
 ## 执行策略与观测
 
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ producer 提供同步的 `cancel`、在资源清理后 settle 且不 reject 的
 
 ## Code Mode 自动触达你的工具
 
-在 [Code Mode](../../packages/core/tools/README.md) 中，每个可见的已注册工具都可通过 `await tools.<name>(args)` 调用，无需额外集成。SDK 从同一份 JSON Schema 派生参数，调用重新进入正常的执行流水线。请将描述写成面向模型的 API 文档；非文本结果块在程序中变为占位符。
+在 [Code Mode](../../packages/core/tools/README.md) 中，每个可见的已注册工具都可通过 `await tools.<name>(args)` 调用，无需额外集成。生成的 `ToolArgsMap` 和 `ToolOutputMap` 会根据同一组 schema 分别派生精确的参数类型与规范返回类型，调用则重新进入正常的执行流水线。成功调用会解析为策略处理后的最终规范 JSON 值，而不是渲染后的 Native 内容。失败调用会以真正的 `ToolCallError` reject；程序只能检查其 `name`、`toolName` 和可供人阅读的 `message`，无法取得内部错误代码或失败联合。
+
+请把 `output.schema` 设计为实用的程序化 API：直接返回句柄与字段；当标量、数组或 null 确实就是结果时，允许采用相应的根类型；将面向人类的解释放入 `output.render`。中间值只存在于执行期间，不会被持久化或按提示词上限截断，也不设字节上限，因此生产方如实声明的采集边界和进程内存仍然重要。只有外层 `run_code` 日志／结果会受到可配置输出上限和面向模型的输出落盘流水线约束。
 
 ## 工具在编辑器中的渲染方式（ACP 展示）
 

docs/cordis-catalog/events.md

@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ A tool was registered or unregistered, or a scoped restriction changed (the avai
 'tools/change'(): void
 ```
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:135`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:136`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ### `tools/execute` — waterfall
 
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ Around-dispatch waterfall for timeout, retry, or metrics. `next()` returns a nor
 
 Types: [Scoped](../core-data-structures/scope.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionResult](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolRegistry](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:108`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:109`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ### `tools/post-execute` — waterfall
 
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ Accept, replace, enrich, or block a normalized dispatch result. `next()` accepts
 
 Types: [PostToolDecision](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [Scoped](../core-data-structures/scope.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionResult](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolRegistry](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:117`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:118`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ### `tools/pre-execute` — waterfall
 
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ Allow, deny, or ask before dispatch. `next()` delegates to allow; missing approv
 
 Types: [PreToolDecision](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [Scoped](../core-data-structures/scope.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolRegistry](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:99`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:100`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ### `tools/result` — emit
 
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ Observe the frozen, lossless-JSON final outcome. Listener failures are contained
 
 Types: [Scoped](../core-data-structures/scope.md) · [ToolExecution](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionResult](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolRegistry](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:125`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:126`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ## `workflow/*`
 

docs/cordis-catalog/services.md

@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ abstract run(request: CodeRunRequest): Promise<CodeRunResult>
 
 Types: [CodeRunRequest](../core-data-structures/code-runtime.md) · [CodeRunResult](../core-data-structures/code-runtime.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts:30`](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts:31`](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts)
 
 ## `ctx.commands` — `CommandService`
 
@@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@ async execute(exec: ToolExecutionInput): Promise<ToolExecutionResult>
 
 Types: [ScopeKey](../core-data-structures/scope.md) · [ToolDefinition](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionInput](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionMode](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolExecutionResult](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolGuard](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolRestriction](../core-data-structures/tools.md) · [ToolSchema](../core-data-structures/tools.md)
 
-Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:504`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
+Source: [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:505`](../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts)
 
 ## `ctx.userInteraction` — `UserInteractionService`
 

docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Code Runtime
 
-The code-execution seam — a [capability seam](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-13-capability-seams.md) whose interface ([dsh-code-runtime](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime), `ctx.codeRuntime`) runs one model-written program against host-provided async bindings and reports what it printed and returned. Code execution is **one optional capability**, not part of the agent-loop spine — so its vocabulary lives here, not in [core.md](core.md). Backends differ by execution substrate and source language, both readonly descriptors on the service; the worker-thread backend and the tool-registry consumer (Code Mode) are specified in the [Code Mode Agent Note](../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md).
+The code-execution seam — a [capability seam](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-13-capability-seams.md) whose interface ([dsh-code-runtime](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime), `ctx.codeRuntime`) runs one model-written program against host-provided async bindings and reports what it printed and returned. Code execution is **one optional capability**, not part of the agent-loop spine — so its vocabulary lives here, not in [core.md](core.md). Backends differ by execution substrate and source language, both readonly descriptors on the service; the worker-thread backend and tool-registry consumer are specified by the [Code Mode foundation](../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md) and [typed-return contract](../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md).
 
 Source: [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts`](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts)
 
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ The result reports an error as a **field**, never a rejection of `run()` — rep
 interface CodeRunResult {
   /**
    * The program's completion value (its top-level `return`), when it ran to
-   * completion and the value survived the runtime's serialization boundary;
-   * a non-transferable value is replaced by a string rendering, and a failed
-   * or value-less run leaves this absent.
+   * completion and the value crossed the runtime's lossless-JSON boundary.
+   * Invalid or over-limit completions fail the run instead of substituting a
+   * rendered string; a failed or value-less run leaves this absent.
    */
-  value?: unknown
-  /** Text the program emitted, in order (capped by the implementation). */
+  value?: CodeJsonValue
+  /** Text the program emitted, in order, bounded only as part of the outer result. */
   logs: string[]
   /** Present iff the run failed; see {@link CodeRunFailure} for the taxonomy. */
   error?: CodeRunFailure
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ interface CodeRunResult {
 
 ## Bindings: host functions as program globals
 
-Each `CodeBindingNamespace` becomes one global object of async callables inside the program (the Code Mode consumer passes one: `tools`). Arguments and resolutions must be structured-cloneable — a runtime may bridge calls across a serialization boundary — and a runtime treats binding names as hostile input (`__proto__` is an ordinary own property, never a prototype collision):
+Each `CodeBindingNamespace` becomes one global object of async callables inside the program (the Code Mode consumer passes one: `tools`). Arguments and resolutions must be lossless JSON and cross without a seam-level byte cap; the runtime may bridge them through structured clone. A runtime also treats binding names as hostile input (`__proto__` is an ordinary own property, never a prototype collision):
 
 ```ts type-equiv
 /**
@@ -77,21 +77,27 @@ interface CodeBindingNamespace {
 }
 ```
 
+```ts type-equiv
+/** A lossless JSON value transferable across the dependency-light code-runtime seam. */
+type CodeJsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | CodeJsonValue[] | { [key: string]: CodeJsonValue }
+```
+
 ```ts type-equiv
 /**
  * One host-side function exposed to the program as an async callable. The
  * runtime bridges calls to it (possibly across a serialization boundary), so
- * `args` and the resolution value MUST be structured-cloneable; a runtime
- * rejects a non-cloneable value with a descriptive error rather than
- * corrupting the run. A rejection of this function surfaces inside the
- * program as a rejection of the corresponding call.
+ * `args` and the resolution value MUST be lossless JSON. A runtime rejects a
+ * lossy or non-cloneable value with a descriptive error rather than corrupting
+ * the run. No seam-level byte cap applies to a binding resolution. A rejection
+ * of this function surfaces inside the program as a rejection of the
+ * corresponding call.
  */
-type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>
+type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<CodeJsonValue>
 ```
 
 ## Captured output and the failure taxonomy
 
-Logs are plain strings in emission order. The runtime captures the program's console and stream output, but channel and console-method metadata are not part of the seam because consumers render only the text. Implementations cap the aggregate output and mark truncation in-band.
+Logs are plain strings in emission order. The runtime captures the program's console and stream output, but channel and console-method metadata are not part of the seam because consumers render only the text. Implementations cap the serialized outer logs plus completion or diagnostic; overflow is an explicit failure rather than in-band value substitution.
 
 Failure kinds are **orthogonal outcomes reported independently** (per [defensive-patterns](../defensive-patterns.md)): a budget expiry is not an exception, an abort is not a timeout, and a substrate death (e.g. OOM) is neither:
 
@@ -105,10 +111,12 @@ Failure kinds are **orthogonal outcomes reported independently** (per [defensive
  * - `'timeout'` — an implementation-owned budget expired; the message says which.
  * - `'abort'` — {@link CodeRunRequest.signal} fired.
  * - `'worker-exit'` — the execution substrate died without settling (e.g. OOM).
+ * - `'invalid-output'` — the completion value was not lossless JSON.
+ * - `'output-limit'` — the serialized outer logs/value/diagnostic exceeded the configured cap.
  */
 interface CodeRunFailure {
   /** The failure class (see the interface doc for each kind's meaning). */
-  kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit'
+  kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit' | 'invalid-output' | 'output-limit'
   /** Human-readable detail, suitable for feeding back to a model to self-correct. */
   message: string
 }

docs/event-producer-consumer.md

@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ This matrix shows which packages dispatch each harness-owned event and which pac
 | `subagent/start` | `emit` | [`packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts:130`](../packages/subagent/subagent/src/index.ts) | [`subagent`](../packages/subagent/subagent) (`events.dispatch`) | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude) |
 | `system-prompt/assemble` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/system-prompt/src/index.ts:27`](../packages/core/system-prompt/src/index.ts) | [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt) (`waterfall`) | [`acp`](../packages/ui/acp) |
 | `system-prompt/change` | `emit` | [`packages/core/system-prompt/src/index.ts:33`](../packages/core/system-prompt/src/index.ts) | [`system-prompt`](../packages/core/system-prompt) (`emit`) | - |
-| `tools/change` | `emit` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:135`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`emit`) | - |
-| `tools/execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:108`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`timeout-policy`](../packages/timeout/timeout-policy) |
-| `tools/post-execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:117`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude), [`hooks-codex`](../packages/hooks/hooks-codex), [`repeat-tool-guard`](../packages/guard/repeat-tool-guard), [`spill-policy`](../packages/spill/spill-policy), [`tool-fs-search`](../packages/fs/tool-fs-search), [`workspace-context`](../packages/context/workspace-context) |
-| `tools/pre-execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:99`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude), [`hooks-codex`](../packages/hooks/hooks-codex) |
-| `tools/result` | `emit` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:125`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`events.dispatch`) | [`subagent-inprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess), [`workspace-context`](../packages/context/workspace-context) |
+| `tools/change` | `emit` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:136`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`emit`) | - |
+| `tools/execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:109`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`timeout-policy`](../packages/timeout/timeout-policy) |
+| `tools/post-execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:118`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude), [`hooks-codex`](../packages/hooks/hooks-codex), [`repeat-tool-guard`](../packages/guard/repeat-tool-guard), [`spill-policy`](../packages/spill/spill-policy), [`tool-fs-search`](../packages/fs/tool-fs-search), [`workspace-context`](../packages/context/workspace-context) |
+| `tools/pre-execute` | `waterfall` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:100`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`waterfall`) | [`hooks-claude`](../packages/hooks/hooks-claude), [`hooks-codex`](../packages/hooks/hooks-codex) |
+| `tools/result` | `emit` | [`packages/core/tools/src/index.ts:126`](../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) | [`tools`](../packages/core/tools) (`events.dispatch`) | [`subagent-inprocess`](../packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess), [`workspace-context`](../packages/context/workspace-context) |
 | `workflow/agent-end` | `emit` | [`packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts:81`](../packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts) | [`workflow`](../packages/workflow/workflow) (`events.dispatch`) | - |
 | `workflow/agent-start` | `emit` | [`packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts:70`](../packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts) | [`workflow`](../packages/workflow/workflow) (`events.dispatch`) | - |
 | `workflow/end` | `emit` | [`packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts:91`](../packages/workflow/workflow/src/index.ts) | [`workflow`](../packages/workflow/workflow) (`events.dispatch`) | - |

docs/module-graph.md

@@ -163,7 +163,6 @@ flowchart TD
     pkg_workflow_workerthread["workflow-workerthread"]
   end
   pkg_llm --> pkg_brand
-  pkg_code_runtime_worker --> pkg_code_runtime
   pkg_helper --> pkg_brand
   pkg_scripts --> pkg_app_boot
   pkg_telemetry --> pkg_brand
@@ -204,6 +203,8 @@ flowchart TD
   pkg_session_persistence --> pkg_session
   pkg_llm_replay --> pkg_llm
   pkg_llm_replay --> pkg_session
+  pkg_code_runtime_worker --> pkg_code_runtime
+  pkg_code_runtime_worker --> pkg_session
   pkg_sandbox_local --> pkg_llm
   pkg_sandbox_local --> pkg_sandbox
   pkg_sandbox_policy --> pkg_sandbox
@@ -525,7 +526,6 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`code-runtime`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime) | `code-runtime` | — |
 | [`jsonrpc-demo`](../packages/examples/jsonrpc-demo) | `examples` | — |
 | [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm) | `llm` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand) |
-| [`code-runtime-worker`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker) | `code-runtime` | [`code-runtime`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime) |
 | [`helper`](../packages/sdk/helper) | `sdk` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand) |
 | [`scripts`](../packages/sdk/scripts) | `sdk` | [`app-boot`](../packages/ui/app-boot) |
 | [`telemetry`](../packages/sdk/telemetry) | `sdk` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand) |
@@ -548,6 +548,7 @@ flowchart TD
 | [`spill`](../packages/spill/spill) | `spill` | [`brand`](../packages/util/brand), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`session-persistence`](../packages/session-persistence/session-persistence) | `session-persistence` | [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`llm-replay`](../packages/support/llm-replay) | `support` | [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
+| [`code-runtime-worker`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker) | `code-runtime` | [`code-runtime`](../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`sandbox-local`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local) | `sandbox` | [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox) |
 | [`sandbox-policy`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox-policy) | `sandbox` | [`sandbox`](../packages/sandbox/sandbox), [`session`](../packages/core/session) |
 | [`llm-retry`](../packages/llm/llm-retry) | `llm` | [`agent`](../packages/core/agent), [`llm`](../packages/llm/llm), [`session`](../packages/core/session), [`timeout`](../packages/util/timeout) |

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/both-mode-turn/session.jsonl

@@ -76,16 +76,16 @@
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":74,"time":1783611775407,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"\\\""}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":75,"time":1783611775408,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" });\\n"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":76,"time":1783611775408,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"return"}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":77,"time":1783611775436,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" result"}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":77,"time":1783611775436,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" result.stdout.text"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":78,"time":1783611775437,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":";"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":79,"time":1783611775437,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"\""}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":80,"time":1783611775474,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"}"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":81,"time":1783611775497,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":0,"block":{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to use the `run_code` tool to execute a program that calls `tools.bash` with the command `echo BOTH_OK` and returns its output."}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":82,"time":1783611775498,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result;\"}"}}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":82,"time":1783611775498,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result.stdout.text;\"}"}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":83,"time":1783611775498,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"usage","usage":{"inputTokens":5530,"outputTokens":108,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":37}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":84,"time":1783611775498,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"finish","reason":{"kind":"tool-calls"}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/message","seq":85,"time":1783611775503,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to use the `run_code` tool to execute a program that calls `tools.bash` with the command `echo BOTH_OK` and returns its output."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result;\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":5530,"outputTokens":108,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":37}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84],"surfaceOp":"append"}
-{"type":"tool/call","seq":86,"time":1783611775504,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result;\"}"}}
+{"type":"assistant/message","seq":85,"time":1783611775503,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to use the `run_code` tool to execute a program that calls `tools.bash` with the command `echo BOTH_OK` and returns its output."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result.stdout.text;\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":5530,"outputTokens":108,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":37}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84],"surfaceOp":"append"}
+{"type":"tool/call","seq":86,"time":1783611775504,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo BOTH_OK\\\", description: \\\"Echo BOTH_OK\\\" });\\nreturn result.stdout.text;\"}"}}
 {"type":"tool/code-dispatch","seq":87,"time":1783611775590,"data":{"parentCallId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","subCallId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147:code:1","name":"bash","arguments":{"command":"echo BOTH_OK","description":"Echo BOTH_OK"},"isError":false,"resultSummary":"BOTH_OK\n"}}
 {"type":"tool/result","seq":88,"time":1783611775592,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","content":[{"type":"text","text":"BOTH_OK\n"}],"isError":false,"meta":{"logs":[]}},"sourceEventSeqs":[86],"surfaceOp":"append"}
 {"type":"step/end","seq":89,"time":1783611775592,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1}}

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/both-mode-turn/stdout.expected.jsonl

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" its"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" output"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"."}}}}
-{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","title":"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo BOTH_OK\", description: \"Echo BOTH_OK\" });\nreturn result;","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo BOTH_OK\", description: \"Echo BOTH_OK\" });\nreturn result;"}}}
+{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","title":"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo BOTH_OK\", description: \"Echo BOTH_OK\" });\nreturn result.stdout.text;","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const result = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo BOTH_OK\", description: \"Echo BOTH_OK\" });\nreturn result.stdout.text;"}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call_update","toolCallId":"call_00_AZFzvUwuC4vAUoICrfke5147","status":"completed","content":[{"type":"content","content":{"type":"text","text":"BOTH_OK\n"}}]}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"The"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" output"}}}}

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/code-mode-turn/session.jsonl

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":90,"time":1783611772685,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"return"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":91,"time":1783611772685,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" out"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":92,"time":1783611772713,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"1"}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":93,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".trim"}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":93,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".stdout.text.trim"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":94,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"()"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":95,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" +"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":96,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" \\\"+"}}}
@@ -100,16 +100,16 @@
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":98,"time":1783611772744,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" +"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":99,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" out"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":100,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"2"}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":101,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".trim"}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":101,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".stdout.text.trim"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":102,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"();"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":103,"time":1783611772772,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"\""}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":104,"time":1783611772773,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"}"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":105,"time":1783611772836,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":0,"block":{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants a single run_code program that calls bash twice, then returns the two outputs joined with a plus sign. Let me write this."}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":106,"time":1783611772836,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.trim();\"}"}}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":106,"time":1783611772836,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.stdout.text.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.stdout.text.trim();\"}"}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":107,"time":1783611772836,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"usage","usage":{"inputTokens":3009,"outputTokens":133,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":29}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":108,"time":1783611772836,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"finish","reason":{"kind":"tool-calls"}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/message","seq":109,"time":1783611772840,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants a single run_code program that calls bash twice, then returns the two outputs joined with a plus sign. Let me write this."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.trim();\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":3009,"outputTokens":133,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":29}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108],"surfaceOp":"append"}
-{"type":"tool/call","seq":110,"time":1783611772840,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.trim();\"}"}}
+{"type":"assistant/message","seq":109,"time":1783611772840,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants a single run_code program that calls bash twice, then returns the two outputs joined with a plus sign. Let me write this."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.stdout.text.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.stdout.text.trim();\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":3009,"outputTokens":133,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":29}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108],"surfaceOp":"append"}
+{"type":"tool/call","seq":110,"time":1783611772840,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_ONE\\\", description: \\\"First echo\\\" });\\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \\\"echo CODE_TWO\\\", description: \\\"Second echo\\\" });\\nreturn out1.stdout.text.trim() + \\\"+\\\" + out2.stdout.text.trim();\"}"}}
 {"type":"tool/code-dispatch","seq":111,"time":1783611772933,"data":{"parentCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","subCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050:code:1","name":"bash","arguments":{"command":"echo CODE_ONE","description":"First echo"},"isError":false,"resultSummary":"CODE_ONE\n"}}
 {"type":"tool/code-dispatch","seq":112,"time":1783611772936,"data":{"parentCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","subCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050:code:2","name":"bash","arguments":{"command":"echo CODE_TWO","description":"Second echo"},"isError":false,"resultSummary":"CODE_TWO\n"}}
 {"type":"tool/result","seq":113,"time":1783611772937,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","content":[{"type":"text","text":"CODE_ONE+CODE_TWO"}],"isError":false,"meta":{"logs":[]}},"sourceEventSeqs":[110],"surfaceOp":"append"}

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/code-mode-turn/stdout.expected.jsonl

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" write"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" this"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"."}}}}
-{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","title":"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_ONE\", description: \"First echo\" });\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_TWO\", description: \"Second echo\" });\nreturn out1.trim() + \"+\" + out2.trim();","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_ONE\", description: \"First echo\" });\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_TWO\", description: \"Second echo\" });\nreturn out1.trim() + \"+\" + out2.trim();"}}}
+{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","title":"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_ONE\", description: \"First echo\" });\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_TWO\", description: \"Second echo\" });\nreturn out1.stdout.text.trim() + \"+\" + out2.stdout.text.trim();","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const out1 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_ONE\", description: \"First echo\" });\nconst out2 = await tools.bash({ command: \"echo CODE_TWO\", description: \"Second echo\" });\nreturn out1.stdout.text.trim() + \"+\" + out2.stdout.text.trim();"}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call_update","toolCallId":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","status":"completed","content":[{"type":"content","content":{"type":"text","text":"CODE_ONE+CODE_TWO"}}]}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"The"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" output"}}}}

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/code-mode-workspace-context/session.jsonl

@@ -74,18 +74,18 @@
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":72,"time":1783921767068,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"\\\""}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":73,"time":1783921767068,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" });\\n"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":74,"time":1783921767068,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"return"}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":75,"time":1783921767095,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" content"}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":75,"time":1783921767095,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10))"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":76,"time":1783921767095,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":";"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":77,"time":1783921767095,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"\""}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":78,"time":1783921767121,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"}"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":79,"time":1783921767205,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":0,"block":{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to write a single run_code program that reads a file called nested/task.txt and then answer the handshake question based on what's in that file. Let me start by reading the file."}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":80,"time":1783921767205,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content;\"}"}}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":80,"time":1783921767205,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"block-end","index":1,"block":{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10));\"}"}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":81,"time":1783921767205,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"usage","usage":{"inputTokens":3195,"outputTokens":106,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":43}}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":82,"time":1783921767205,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"finish","reason":{"kind":"tool-calls"}}}}
-{"type":"assistant/message","seq":83,"time":1783921767208,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to write a single run_code program that reads a file called nested/task.txt and then answer the handshake question based on what's in that file. Let me start by reading the file."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content;\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":3195,"outputTokens":106,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":43}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82],"surfaceOp":"append"}
-{"type":"tool/call","seq":84,"time":1783921767208,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content;\"}"}}
+{"type":"assistant/message","seq":83,"time":1783921767208,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"content":[{"type":"reasoning","text":"The user wants me to write a single run_code program that reads a file called nested/task.txt and then answer the handshake question based on what's in that file. Let me start by reading the file."},{"type":"tool-call","id":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10));\"}"}],"provenance":{"provider":"deepseek","model":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"usage":{"inputTokens":3195,"outputTokens":106,"cacheReadTokens":0,"reasoningTokens":43}},"sourceEventSeqs":[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82],"surfaceOp":"append"}
+{"type":"tool/call","seq":84,"time":1783921767208,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","name":"run_code","arguments":"{\"code\": \"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \\\"nested/task.txt\\\" });\\nreturn content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10));\"}"}}
 {"type":"tool/code-dispatch","seq":85,"time":1783921767270,"data":{"parentCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","subCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139:code:1","name":"read","arguments":{"file_path":"nested/task.txt"},"isError":false,"resultSummary":"<path>./nested/task.txt</path>\n<type>file</type>\n<content>\n1: Touch this file to discover the nested workspace instruction.\n\n(End of file - total 1 lines)\n</content>"}}
-{"type":"tool/result","seq":86,"time":1783921767271,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","content":[{"type":"text","text":"<path>/var/folders/_g/59jgff8x2gqd39f5vy1wnbfc0000gn/T/acp-snap-cwd-uorU26/nested/task.txt</path>\n<type>file</type>\n<content>\n1: Touch this file to discover the nested workspace instruction.\n\n(End of file - total 1 lines)\n</content>"}],"isError":false,"meta":{"logs":[]}},"sourceEventSeqs":[84],"surfaceOp":"append"}
+{"type":"tool/result","seq":86,"time":1783921767271,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"callId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Touch this file to discover the nested workspace instruction."}],"isError":false,"meta":{"logs":[]}},"sourceEventSeqs":[84],"surfaceOp":"append"}
 {"type":"context/message","seq":87,"time":1783921767272,"data":{"content":[{"type":"text","text":"<system-reminder>\nAdditional instructions from: nested/AGENTS.md\n\nThese instructions apply to work under `nested`. Use them as guidance when relevant; more specific instructions take precedence. They do not override system, developer, or direct user instructions.\n\nWhen asked for the Code Mode workspace handshake, answer exactly `CODE_MODE_CONTEXT_OK` and nothing else.\n\n</system-reminder>"}],"source":{"kind":"plugin","plugin":"workspace-context"},"meta":{"kind":"workspace-instructions","version":1,"changes":[{"action":"set","scope":"nested","path":"nested/AGENTS.md","digest":"ae22936ed26dc76b7107005ed6d5e2482a88668a"}]}},"surfaceOp":"append"}
 {"type":"step/end","seq":88,"time":1783921767272,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1}}
 {"type":"step/start","seq":89,"time":1783921767272,"data":{"turn":1,"step":2}}

examples/acp-agent/tests/snapshots/code-mode-workspace-context/stdout.expected.jsonl

@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" the"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" file"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"."}}}}
-{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","title":"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \"nested/task.txt\" });\nreturn content;","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \"nested/task.txt\" });\nreturn content;"}}}
-{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call_update","toolCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","status":"completed","content":[{"type":"content","content":{"type":"text","text":"<path>{{cwd}}/nested/task.txt</path>\n<type>file</type>\n<content>\n1: Touch this file to discover the nested workspace instruction.\n\n(End of file - total 1 lines)\n</content>"}}]}}}
+{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call","toolCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","title":"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \"nested/task.txt\" });\nreturn content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10));","kind":"execute","status":"in_progress","rawInput":"const content = await tools.read({ file_path: \"nested/task.txt\" });\nreturn content.lines.map(line => line.text).join(String.fromCharCode(10));"}}}
+{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"tool_call_update","toolCallId":"call_00_6APApmaKLRDlXKMdIcWL5139","status":"completed","content":[{"type":"content","content":{"type":"text","text":"Touch this file to discover the nested workspace instruction."}}]}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"The"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":" nested"}}}}
 {"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"session/update","params":{"sessionId":"{{sessionId}}","update":{"sessionUpdate":"agent_thought_chunk","content":{"type":"text","text":"/t"}}}}

examples/headless-agent/tests/code-mode.e2e.ts

@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ import { tmpdir } from 'node:os'
 import { join } from 'node:path'
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { Context } from 'cordis'
-import LlmService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
+import LlmService, { CallId, HarnessError } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
 import SessionStore, { SessionId } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import type { SessionEvent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import SystemPrompt from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-system-prompt'
-import ToolRegistry, { RUN_CODE_NAME } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
+import ToolRegistry, { RUN_CODE_NAME, defineTool } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
+import type { ToolExecutionResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
 import AgentRegistry, { type Agent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent'
 
 import AgentLoop from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop'
@@ -18,6 +19,9 @@ import { WorkerCodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
 import LocalFileSystem from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local'
 import * as ToolFs from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-fs'
 import * as WorkspaceContext from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-workspace-context'
+import TaskService from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tasks'
+import * as ToolTasks from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-tasks'
+import * as ToolCordis from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-cordis'
 
 /**
  * With-key Code Mode proof: a real model receives only `run_code`, composes two
@@ -73,6 +77,222 @@ async function workspaceCodeModeHarness(): Promise<Context> {
   return harness
 }
 
+let keylessCall = 0
+
+/** Execute one outer Code Mode call through the real registry and worker. */
+function runCode(harness: Context, code: string, signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<ToolExecutionResult> {
+  return harness.tools.execute({
+    callId: CallId(`keyless-code-${++keylessCall}`),
+    name: RUN_CODE_NAME,
+    arguments: { code },
+    ...signal !== undefined ? { signal } : {},
+  })
+}
+
+/** Read the optional completion from a successful canonical `run_code` value. */
+function completion(result: ToolExecutionResult): unknown {
+  if (result.isError) {
+    throw new Error(result.content.filter(block => block.type === 'text').map(block => block.text).join('\n'))
+  }
+  const value = result.value
+  if (typeof value !== 'object' || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) throw new Error('invalid run_code result')
+  return value.result
+}
+
+/** Keyless real-worker harness for direct typed-binding acceptance tests. */
+async function typedCodeModeHarness(): Promise<Context> {
+  const harness = new Context()
+  await harness.plugin(SystemPrompt)
+  await harness.plugin(ToolRegistry, { mode: 'code' })
+  await harness.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, {})
+  return harness
+}
+
+/** Keyless real-worker harness with the task-owned bash lifecycle. */
+async function backgroundCodeModeHarness(cwd: string): Promise<Context> {
+  const harness = await typedCodeModeHarness()
+  await harness.plugin(TaskService)
+  await harness.plugin(ToolTasks, {})
+  await harness.plugin(LocalBashExecutor, { cwd, timeoutMs: 30_000 })
+  await harness.plugin(ToolBash)
+  return harness
+}
+
+describe('Code Mode typed values: keyless real-worker contracts', () => {
+  it('crosses a large intermediate value intact and exposes only typed tool failure fields', async () => {
+    ctx = await typedCodeModeHarness()
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
+      name: 'large_value',
+      description: 'Return a large canonical string.',
+      parameters: {},
+      output: {
+        schema: { type: 'string' },
+        render: (_args, value) => [{ type: 'text', text: value }],
+      },
+      execute: () => Promise.resolve('x'.repeat(100_000)),
+    }))
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
+      name: 'always_fail',
+      description: 'Fail for ToolCallError coverage.',
+      parameters: {},
+      output: { schema: { type: 'null' }, render: () => [] },
+      execute: () => Promise.reject(new HarnessError('expected failure', 'EXPECTED_INTERNAL_CODE')),
+    }))
+
+    const value = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      const large = await tools.large_value({});
+      let failure;
+      try {
+        await tools.always_fail({});
+      } catch (error) {
+        failure = {
+          typed: error instanceof ToolCallError,
+          name: error.name,
+          toolName: error.toolName,
+          message: error.message,
+          exposesCode: 'code' in error,
+          exposesContent: 'content' in error,
+          exposesInfo: 'info' in error,
+        };
+      }
+      return { length: large.length, failure };
+    `))
+
+    expect(value).toEqual({
+      length: 100_000,
+      failure: {
+        typed: true,
+        name: 'ToolCallError',
+        toolName: 'always_fail',
+        message: 'expected failure',
+        exposesCode: false,
+        exposesContent: false,
+        exposesInfo: false,
+      },
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('returns a background task id, settles the outer run, and polls that id to completion', async () => {
+    workdir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-code-mode-background-'))
+    ctx = await backgroundCodeModeHarness(workdir)
+
+    const taskId = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      const started = await tools.bash({
+        command: "sleep 0.2; printf 'background-complete\\n'",
+        description: 'Run completion marker in background',
+        run_in_background: true,
+      });
+      return started.taskId;
+    `))
+    expect(taskId).toBe('bash-1')
+
+    const polled = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      return await tools.task_output({ task_id: ${JSON.stringify(taskId)}, wait: true, timeout_ms: 5000 });
+    `))
+    if (typeof polled !== 'object' || polled === null || Array.isArray(polled)) throw new Error('invalid task_output completion')
+    const taskOutput = polled as Record<string, unknown>
+    expect(taskOutput.text).toContain('background-complete')
+    expect(taskOutput.task).toMatchObject({ id: taskId, kind: 'bash', status: 'completed' })
+  }, 15_000)
+
+  it('pre-abort spawns nothing; post-publication abort leaves task_kill as the cancellation owner', async () => {
+    workdir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-code-mode-task-cancel-'))
+    ctx = await backgroundCodeModeHarness(workdir)
+
+    const pre = new AbortController()
+    pre.abort('pre-aborted')
+    const preResult = await runCode(ctx, `
+      return await tools.bash({ command: 'sleep 10', description: 'Must never start', run_in_background: true });
+    `, pre.signal)
+    expect(preResult.isError).toBe(true)
+    expect(ctx.tasks.list()).toEqual([])
+
+    const afterPublication = new AbortController()
+    const running = runCode(ctx, `
+      const started = await tools.bash({ command: 'sleep 10', description: 'Wait for explicit task kill', run_in_background: true });
+      console.log(started.taskId);
+      await new Promise(() => {});
+    `, afterPublication.signal)
+    for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 100 && ctx.tasks.list().length === 0; attempt++) {
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
+    }
+    const task = ctx.tasks.list()[0]
+    expect(task).toMatchObject({ id: 'bash-1', status: 'running' })
+    afterPublication.abort('outer-call-cancelled')
+    expect((await running).isError).toBe(true)
+    expect(ctx.tasks.list()[0]).toMatchObject({ id: task!.id, status: 'running' })
+
+    const killed = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      return await tools.task_kill({ task_id: ${JSON.stringify(task!.id)}, reason: 'test owns cancellation' });
+    `))
+    expect(killed).toMatchObject({ outcome: 'cancellation-requested', task: { id: task!.id } })
+    const settled = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      return await tools.task_output({ task_id: ${JSON.stringify(task!.id)}, wait: true, timeout_ms: 5000 });
+    `))
+    expect(settled).toMatchObject({ task: { id: task!.id, status: 'killed' } })
+  }, 15_000)
+
+  it('keeps foreground bash coupled to the outer signal', async () => {
+    workdir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-code-mode-foreground-cancel-'))
+    ctx = await backgroundCodeModeHarness(workdir)
+    const controller = new AbortController()
+    const startedAt = Date.now()
+    const pending = runCode(ctx, `
+      return await tools.bash({ command: 'sleep 10', description: 'Run cancellable foreground command' });
+    `, controller.signal)
+    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort('stop-foreground') }, 200)
+    const result = await pending
+    expect(result.isError).toBe(true)
+    expect(Date.now() - startedAt).toBeLessThan(5_000)
+    expect(ctx.tasks.list()).toEqual([])
+  }, 15_000)
+
+  it('uses cordis_mount DTO ids directly for active and pending mounts, then confirms removal', async () => {
+    ctx = await typedCodeModeHarness()
+    await ctx.plugin(ToolCordis)
+
+    const value = completion(await runCode(ctx, `
+      const active = await tools.cordis_mount({
+        code: "return { name: 'active-code-mode-plugin', apply(ctx) {} }",
+      });
+      const pending = await tools.cordis_mount({
+        code: "return { name: 'pending-code-mode-plugin', inject: ['missing-code-mode-service'], apply(ctx) {} }",
+      });
+      const before = await tools.cordis_inspect({ what: 'dynamic' });
+      const unmounted = await tools.cordis_unmount({ id: active.id });
+      const after = await tools.cordis_inspect({ what: 'dynamic' });
+      await tools.cordis_unmount({ id: pending.id });
+      return {
+        active,
+        pending,
+        unmounted,
+        beforeContainsId: before.includes(active.id),
+        afterContainsId: after.includes(active.id),
+      };
+    `))
+
+    expect(value).toEqual({
+      active: {
+        id: 'dyn-1',
+        pluginName: 'active-code-mode-plugin',
+        state: 'active',
+        provides: [],
+        waitingFor: [],
+      },
+      pending: {
+        id: 'dyn-2',
+        pluginName: 'pending-code-mode-plugin',
+        state: 'pending',
+        provides: [],
+        waitingFor: ['missing-code-mode-service'],
+      },
+      unmounted: { id: 'dyn-1', pluginName: 'active-code-mode-plugin' },
+      beforeContainsId: true,
+      afterContainsId: false,
+    })
+  })
+})
+
 function waitForIdle(harness: Context, agent: Agent): Promise<void> {
   return new Promise((resolve) => {
     const dispose = harness.on('agent/status', (subject, status) => {

examples/tui-agent/tests/snapshots/code-mode/session.jsonl

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
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+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":93,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".stdout.text.trim"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":94,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":"()"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":95,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" +"}}}
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":96,"time":1783611772714,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" \\\"+"}}}
@@ -100,16 +100,16 @@
 {"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":98,"time":1783611772744,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":" +"}}}
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-{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":101,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".trim"}}}
+{"type":"assistant/chunk","seq":101,"time":1783611772745,"data":{"turn":1,"step":1,"chunk":{"type":"tool-call-delta","index":1,"id":"call_00_DRxnM6R1TThfDwcudW0f2050","name":"run_code","argumentsDelta":".stdout.text.trim"}}}
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packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/README.md

@@ -10,20 +10,20 @@ Worker-thread implementation of the [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime`](../code-ru
   config:
     computeMs: 60000              # busy-time budget (measured event-loop active time)
     maxWallMs: 600000             # wall-clock ceiling; never pauses for anything
-    maxLogBytes: 65536            # shared byte budget for captured log text
-    maxValueBytes: 32768          # rendered-completion-value cap
+    maxOutputBytes: 67108864      # combined serialized outer-output cap (64 MiB)
     maxOldGenerationSizeMb: 512   # worker heap cap (resourceLimits)
 ```
 
-Every field is validated (positive numbers) and defaulted; there are no other tunables.
+Every field is validated and defaulted; `maxOutputBytes` is a safe integer of at least four bytes, the remaining fields are positive finite numbers, and there are no other tunables.
 
 ## Design
 
 - **One fresh worker per run, no pooling** — a program's world dies with its worker: no cross-run state to log, state bleed unrepresentable, runs reconstructable from the session log alone.
 - **Type-strip host-side, in execution context** — the program is wrapped in an async-function shell, stripped with `node:module`'s `stripTypeScriptTypes` (erasable syntax only — `enum`/namespaces are rejected as a program `exception` and no worker spawns), and sliced back out byte-positioned; it then executes as the body of an `AsyncFunction`, so top-level `await`/`return` work.
-- **The port assumes a hostile peer** — model code can reach `parentPort` and forge traffic, so every inbound message is shape-validated and REBUILT before anything reads it (`null`, primitives, junk types, and malformed payloads drop without a throw; forged extra fields never ride along), the host answers each call id at most once, resolves binding names as OWN properties only (a forged `constructor` cannot walk a prototype chain), drops post-settlement replies, and converts a non-cloneable binding resolution into an error reply. Forged `log`/`done` messages cannot bypass the caps: one host-side ledger bounds everything that lands in `logs`, and the completion value is re-capped host-side. Worker-side namespaces are null-prototype with `defineProperty`, so `__proto__`-shaped binding names are ordinary keys.
+- **The port assumes a hostile peer** — model code can reach `parentPort` and forge traffic, so every inbound message is shape-validated and REBUILT before anything reads it (`null`, primitives, junk types, and malformed payloads drop without a throw; forged extra fields never ride along), the host answers each call id at most once, resolves binding names as OWN properties only (a forged `constructor` cannot walk a prototype chain), drops post-settlement replies, and validates every binding resolution and completion as lossless JSON. Forged `log`/`done` messages cannot bypass the outer cap: the host repeats validation and accounts every admitted log plus the completion or diagnostic. Worker-side namespaces are null-prototype with `defineProperty`, so `__proto__`-shaped binding names are ordinary keys.
 - **Two independent budgets, because the peer is hostile** — `computeMs` meters the worker's MEASURED busy time (`worker.performance.eventLoopUtilization()` polling): a hot loop cannot hide behind a pending decoy dispatch, and a program awaiting a slow tool accrues nothing. `maxWallMs` backstops what busy time cannot see (awaiting a promise nobody resolves). Both funnel into `worker.terminate()`, which ends hot synchronous loops too; heap overflow surfaces as the worker's OOM exit (`kind: 'worker-exit'`).
-- **Logs stream eagerly** — console/stdout/stderr text crosses the port in emission order, so a timed-out or killed program still shows what it printed. ONE shared `maxLogBytes` ledger bounds everything: streamed text, forged port traffic, and pipe bytes that bypass the patched streams (appended after), with the overflow marked in-band once.
+- **Intermediate binding values are complete JSON** — binding arguments and resolutions cross by structured clone after lossless-JSON validation and have no byte cap. They never enter the outer-output ledger or model context; provider/executor acquisition bounds and process/worker memory remain the limits.
+- **Logs stream eagerly into one outer ledger** — console/stdout/stderr text crosses the port in emission order, so a timed-out or killed program still shows what it printed. `maxOutputBytes` accounts the JSON serialization of the outer `logs` array plus the completion value or failure diagnostic. At or below the cap the exact value returns; a lossy completion is `invalid-output`, and a combined overflow is `output-limit` rather than a substituted inspected string. The failure retains the fitting captured prefix and later follows the normal outer `run_code` spill policy.
 - **Empty environment** — the worker gets `env: {}` and `execArgv: []`: no ambient credentials (stronger than the scrubbed-env rule for spawned commands) and no inherited loader flags.
 - **Dispose to quiescence** — teardown fails in-flight runs as `abort` and AWAITS each worker's exit before resolving.
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ The SDK surface is the default/named `WorkerCodeRuntime` class plus `Config`. Th
 
 ## Model Experience
 
-Indirectly, through Code Mode in [`dsh-tools`](../../core/tools/README.md), which renders this worker's capped printed or returned data and exact `[dsh-code-runtime-worker] log capture truncated at <maxLogBytes> bytes` and `… [truncated]` markers into a retained `run_code` result. Binding traffic and worker internals stay outside context.
+Indirectly, through Code Mode in [`dsh-tools`](../../core/tools/README.md), which renders the exact outer value when it fits or an explicit `invalid-output` / `output-limit` failure. Only the outer `run_code` result enters model context and its ordinary spill policy; binding traffic and intermediate values remain execution-local.
 
 #### KV Cache effect
 
@@ -47,4 +47,5 @@ No direct invalidation; the named consumer owns any request-prefix changes.
 - **Type-strip rides Node's experimental `stripTypeScriptTypes` API** — the relied-on behavior is pinned by unit tests, with amaro/sucrase as named drop-in replacements if it shifts.
 - **`computeMs` expiry can overshoot by up to one poll interval** — busy time is sampled every 25 ms (an internal constant, deliberately not config).
 - **Programs get a five-method `console` shim** (`log`/`info`/`warn`/`error`/`debug`) — deliberately not Node's full console surface.
-- **A non-cloneable or oversize completion value does not cross as a value** — it arrives as a bounded, truncation-marked `util.inspect` rendering in `value`'s place.
+- **Intermediate binding values have no byte cap** — a program can exhaust process or worker memory with a value that never becomes outer output.
+- **The 64 MiB default is a rejection boundary, not recoverable storage** — outer spill can save only the bounded logs and diagnostic returned after `output-limit`; bytes rejected beyond the runtime cap never reach the spill layer.

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/package.json

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
   "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
   "peerDependencies": {
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime": "^0.0.1",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session": "^0.0.1",
     "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
   },
   "dependencies": {
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session": "workspace:^",
     "cordis": "^4.0.0-rc.7"
   }
 }

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/bootstrap.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 import { inspect } from 'node:util'
-import { serialize } from 'node:v8'
-import { logTruncationMarker } from './protocol.ts'
+import { snapshotJsonValue } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import type { DoneMessage, ReplyMessage, WorkerBootData, WorkerToHost } from './protocol.ts'
 
 /** The port surface the bootstrap needs — satisfied by `parentPort` and by the tests' fake. */
@@ -30,9 +29,8 @@ export interface PatchableStream {
  * Ordered text capture under one shared byte budget, delivered to a sink as
  * each item lands (the real sink streams text over the port eagerly, so
  * captured output survives a mid-run termination). Once the budget is
- * exhausted it emits exactly one in-band marker and silently drops everything
- * after. The cap is a blast-radius bound, so "how much was lost" intentionally
- * stays unmeasured.
+ * exhausted it emits the fitting prefix and reports the limit once; the host
+ * turns that condition into an explicit `output-limit` run failure.
  */
 export class LogBuffer {
   private remaining: number
@@ -40,12 +38,12 @@ export class LogBuffer {
   // Explicit fields, not constructor parameter properties: this module loads
   // under Node's native strip-only mode, which rejects non-erasable syntax —
   // and parameter properties are non-erasable.
-  private readonly maxBytes: number
   private readonly sink: (text: string) => void
+  private readonly onLimit: () => void
 
-  constructor(maxBytes: number, sink: (text: string) => void) {
-    this.maxBytes = maxBytes
+  constructor(maxBytes: number, sink: (text: string) => void, onLimit: () => void = () => {}) {
     this.sink = sink
+    this.onLimit = onLimit
     this.remaining = maxBytes
   }
 
@@ -58,7 +56,10 @@ export class LogBuffer {
     const cost = Buffer.byteLength(text, 'utf8')
     if (cost > this.remaining) {
       this.truncated = true
-      this.sink(logTruncationMarker(this.maxBytes))
+      const prefix = truncateUtf8Bytes(text, this.remaining)
+      if (prefix.length > 0) this.sink(prefix)
+      this.remaining = 0
+      this.onLimit()
       return
     }
     this.remaining -= cost
@@ -144,37 +145,30 @@ export function truncateUtf8Bytes(text: string, maxBytes: number): string {
 }
 
 /**
- * Prepare the program's completion value for the done message: a value whose MEASURED
- * cross-boundary size fits `maxValueBytes` crosses raw — exact bytes for a string, the
- * structured-clone wire size (`v8.serialize`) for everything else, so a huge container whose
- * bounded inspect rendering happens to be small cannot smuggle itself past the cap. Oversized
- * or non-cloneable values are replaced by a bounded string rendering with an in-band marker.
+ * Prepare the program's completion value for the done message. Only lossless
+ * JSON crosses, and an individually oversized value reports `output-limit`;
+ * the host revalidates both and accounts for the combined outer envelope.
  *
  * @param value - the program's completion value.
- * @param maxValueBytes - the byte cap for the value.
+ * @param maxOutputBytes - the byte cap for the outer result.
  * @returns the done-message fragment: `{}` for `undefined`, else `{ value }`.
  */
-export function prepareValue(value: unknown, maxValueBytes: number): { value?: unknown } {
+export function prepareCompletion(value: unknown, maxOutputBytes: number): Omit<DoneMessage, 'type'> {
   if (value === undefined) return {}
-  if (typeof value === 'string') {
-    if (Buffer.byteLength(value, 'utf8') <= maxValueBytes) return { value }
-  } else {
-    let size: number | undefined
-    try {
-      size = serialize(value).byteLength
-    } catch {
-      // Only the verdict matters: the value has parts the structured-clone
-      // algorithm rejects (functions, classes, …) and must cross as its
-      // rendering instead.
-      size = undefined
-    }
-    if (size !== undefined && size <= maxValueBytes) return { value }
+  let snapshot: unknown
+  try {
+    snapshot = snapshotJsonValue(value)
+  } catch {
+    snapshot = undefined
+  }
+  if (snapshot === undefined) {
+    return { error: { kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' } }
+  }
+  const size = Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(snapshot), 'utf8')
+  if (size > maxOutputBytes) {
+    return { error: { kind: 'output-limit', message: `outer output exceeded ${maxOutputBytes} bytes` } }
   }
-  const rendered = typeof value === 'string' ? value : inspect(value, INSPECT_OPTIONS)
-  const capped = Buffer.byteLength(rendered, 'utf8') > maxValueBytes
-    ? `${truncateUtf8Bytes(rendered, maxValueBytes)}… [truncated]`
-    : rendered
-  return { value: capped }
+  return { value: snapshot }
 }
 
 /** One awaited binding call's settlement handles, keyed by call id in the pending map. */
@@ -183,6 +177,17 @@ export interface PendingCall {
   reject(error: Error): void
 }
 
+/** Program-visible typed rejection for a failed member of the `tools` namespace. */
+export class ToolCallError extends Error {
+  override readonly name = 'ToolCallError'
+  readonly toolName: string
+
+  constructor(toolName: string, message: string) {
+    super(message)
+    this.toolName = toolName
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Route host replies into the pending-call map: each reply settles its call
  * at most once, and a reply for an unknown id (stray, or a duplicate answer
@@ -227,12 +232,18 @@ export function makeNamespaces(
         enumerable: true,
         value: (args: unknown): Promise<unknown> => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
           const id = nextId.value++
-          pending.set(id, { resolve, reject })
+          pending.set(id, {
+            resolve,
+            reject: (error) => {
+              reject(global === 'tools' ? new ToolCallError(name, error.message) : error)
+            },
+          })
           try {
             port.postMessage({ type: 'call', id, global, name, args })
           } catch (error: unknown) {
             pending.delete(id)
-            reject(new Error(`binding arguments must be structured-cloneable: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`))
+            const message = `binding arguments must be structured-cloneable: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`
+            reject(global === 'tools' ? new ToolCallError(name, message) : new Error(message))
           }
         }),
       })
@@ -254,7 +265,11 @@ export async function runWorkerMain(
   data: WorkerBootData,
   streams: { stdout: PatchableStream; stderr: PatchableStream },
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const logs = new LogBuffer(data.maxLogBytes, (text) => { port.postMessage({ type: 'log', text }) })
+  const logs = new LogBuffer(
+    data.maxOutputBytes,
+    (text) => { port.postMessage({ type: 'log', text }) },
+    () => { port.postMessage({ type: 'output-limit' }) },
+  )
   captureStreamWrites(logs, streams.stdout)
   captureStreamWrites(logs, streams.stderr)
 
@@ -271,12 +286,12 @@ export async function runWorkerMain(
     // `AsyncFunction` is not a global. The program body is strict-mode.
     /* v8 ignore next -- the arrow exists only to reach the AsyncFunction constructor; it is never invoked. */
     const AsyncFunction = (async () => {}).constructor as new (...args: string[]) => (...fnArgs: unknown[]) => Promise<unknown>
-    const fn = new AsyncFunction(...data.namespaces.map(namespace => namespace.global), 'console', `'use strict';\n${data.code}`)
-    const value = await fn(...namespaces, consoleShim)
-    done = { type: 'done', ...prepareValue(value, data.maxValueBytes) }
+    const fn = new AsyncFunction(...data.namespaces.map(namespace => namespace.global), 'ToolCallError', 'console', `'use strict';\n${data.code}`)
+    const value = await fn(...namespaces, ToolCallError, consoleShim)
+    done = { type: 'done', ...prepareCompletion(value, data.maxOutputBytes) }
   } catch (error: unknown) {
     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.stack ?? error.message : String(error)
-    done = { type: 'done', error: { message } }
+    done = { type: 'done', error: { kind: 'exception', message } }
   }
   port.postMessage(done)
 }

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/index.ts

@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { Context } from 'cordis'
 import z from 'schemastery'
 import { CodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
-import type { CodeBindingFunction, CodeRunFailure, CodeRunRequest, CodeRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
-import { prepareValue, truncateUtf8Bytes } from './bootstrap.ts'
-import { logTruncationMarker } from './protocol.ts'
+import type { CodeBindingFunction, CodeJsonValue, CodeRunFailure, CodeRunRequest, CodeRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
+import { snapshotJsonValue } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import type { ReplyMessage, WorkerBootData, WorkerToHost } from './protocol.ts'
 
 /** Plugin config: every execution cap, changeable from `cordis.yml` (no hardcoded tunables). */
@@ -35,14 +34,8 @@ export interface Config {
    * nobody will resolve).
    */
   maxWallMs?: number
-  /** Shared byte budget for captured log text (console + raw stream writes), truncation marked in-band. */
-  maxLogBytes?: number
-  /**
-   * Byte cap for the completion value, measured by its real cross-boundary
-   * size (string bytes, or structured-clone wire size); an oversized or
-   * non-cloneable value crosses as a capped string rendering.
-   */
-  maxValueBytes?: number
+  /** Hard cap for the combined serialized outer logs, completion value, and failure diagnostic. */
+  maxOutputBytes?: number
   /** The worker's max old-generation heap in MiB (`resourceLimits`); overflow kills the worker, surfacing as kind `'worker-exit'`. */
   maxOldGenerationSizeMb?: number
 }
@@ -59,6 +52,9 @@ type ResolvedConfig = Required<Config>
  */
 const ELU_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 25
 
+/** Smallest cap that can represent the empty logs array plus an empty JSON failure diagnostic. */
+const MIN_OUTPUT_BYTES = 4
+
 /** ECMAScript reserved words that cannot be async-function parameter names — rejected as binding globals. */
 const RESERVED_WORDS = new Set([
   'await', 'break', 'case', 'catch', 'class', 'const', 'continue', 'debugger', 'default', 'delete', 'do',
@@ -130,25 +126,74 @@ function parseWorkerMessage(raw: unknown): WorkerToHost | undefined {
       if (typeof m.text !== 'string') return undefined
       return { type: 'log', text: m.text }
     }
+    case 'output-limit': return { type: 'output-limit' }
     case 'done': {
       if (m.error === undefined) return { type: 'done', ...m.value !== undefined ? { value: m.value } : {} }
       const error = m.error
       if (typeof error !== 'object' || error === null) return undefined
-      const message = (error as Record<string, unknown>).message
-      if (typeof message !== 'string') return undefined
-      return { type: 'done', ...m.value !== undefined ? { value: m.value } : {}, error: { message } }
+      const { kind, message } = error as Record<string, unknown>
+      if ((kind !== 'exception' && kind !== 'invalid-output' && kind !== 'output-limit') || typeof message !== 'string') return undefined
+      return { type: 'done', error: { kind, message } }
     }
     default: return undefined
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * Headroom the host's value re-cap grants over `maxValueBytes`: exactly the
- * truncation suffix {@link prepareValue} appends, so a value the WORKER
- * already capped (byte-exact prefix + this marker) passes through unchanged
- * instead of being marked twice.
- */
-const VALUE_RENDER_SLACK = Buffer.byteLength('… [truncated]', 'utf8')
+
+/** Serialized byte size of one lossless JSON value. */
+function jsonBytes(value: CodeJsonValue): number {
+  return Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(value), 'utf8')
+}
+
+/** One run's combined outer-output ledger; binding values never enter it. */
+class OutputLedger {
+  private bytes = 2 // JSON serialization of the empty logs array: []
+  private entries = 0
+
+  constructor(private readonly maxBytes: number) {}
+
+  /** Admit one exact log entry, or report that the hard cap was crossed. */
+  admit(text: string, sink: string[]): boolean {
+    const cost = Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(text), 'utf8') + (this.entries > 0 ? 1 : 0)
+    if (this.bytes + cost > this.maxBytes) return false
+    this.bytes += cost
+    this.entries += 1
+    sink.push(text)
+    return true
+  }
+
+  /** Finalize a successful absent-or-JSON completion against the combined cap. */
+  success(logs: string[], value?: CodeJsonValue): CodeRunResult {
+    if (value !== undefined && this.bytes + jsonBytes(value) > this.maxBytes) return this.limit(logs)
+    return { logs, ...value !== undefined ? { value } : {} }
+  }
+
+  /** Finalize a failure diagnostic, with output-limit taking precedence when combined bytes exceed the cap. */
+  failure(logs: string[], error: CodeRunFailure): CodeRunResult {
+    if (this.bytes + Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(error.message), 'utf8') > this.maxBytes) return this.limit(logs)
+    return { logs, error }
+  }
+
+  /** Build the explicit output-limit failure while retaining the fitting log prefix. */
+  limit(logs: string[]): CodeRunResult {
+    const fullMessage = `outer output exceeded ${this.maxBytes} bytes`
+    let retainedBytes = this.bytes
+    const messageBytes = Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(fullMessage), 'utf8')
+    while (logs.length > 0 && retainedBytes + messageBytes > this.maxBytes) {
+      const removed = logs.pop()
+      /* v8 ignore next -- the while guard proves pop cannot return undefined. */
+      if (removed === undefined) throw new Error('output ledger lost its final log entry')
+      retainedBytes -= Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(removed), 'utf8') + (logs.length > 0 ? 1 : 0)
+    }
+    const availableMessageBytes = this.maxBytes - retainedBytes
+    // This fixed diagnostic is ASCII with no JSON escapes, so two bytes are
+    // the surrounding quotes and every retained character costs one byte.
+    const message = messageBytes <= availableMessageBytes
+      ? fullMessage
+      : fullMessage.slice(0, availableMessageBytes - 2)
+    return { logs, error: { kind: 'output-limit', message } }
+  }
+}
 
 /**
  * The shipped {@link CodeRuntime} backend (`ctx.codeRuntime`). Registers as
@@ -161,8 +206,7 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
   static Config: z<Config> = z.object({
     computeMs: z.number().default(60_000),
     maxWallMs: z.number().default(600_000),
-    maxLogBytes: z.number().default(65_536),
-    maxValueBytes: z.number().default(32_768),
+    maxOutputBytes: z.number().default(67_108_864),
     maxOldGenerationSizeMb: z.number().default(512),
   })
 
@@ -181,6 +225,9 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
     for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(this.config)) {
       if (!(Number.isFinite(value) && value > 0)) throw new Error(`dsh-code-runtime-worker: config.${key} must be a positive number, got ${String(value)}`)
     }
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(this.config.maxOutputBytes) || this.config.maxOutputBytes < MIN_OUTPUT_BYTES) {
+      throw new Error(`dsh-code-runtime-worker: config.maxOutputBytes must be a safe integer of at least ${MIN_OUTPUT_BYTES}, got ${String(this.config.maxOutputBytes)}`)
+    }
     ctx.effect(() => () => this.teardown(), 'worker code-runtime teardown')
   }
 
@@ -232,7 +279,7 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
       if (!IDENTIFIER.test(namespace.global) || RESERVED_WORDS.has(namespace.global)) {
         throw new Error(`dsh-code-runtime-worker: binding global ${JSON.stringify(namespace.global)} is not a usable identifier`)
       }
-      if (namespace.global === 'console' || bindings.has(namespace.global)) {
+      if (namespace.global === 'console' || namespace.global === 'ToolCallError' || bindings.has(namespace.global)) {
         throw new Error(`dsh-code-runtime-worker: duplicate binding global ${JSON.stringify(namespace.global)}`)
       }
       bindings.set(namespace.global, namespace.functions)
@@ -249,8 +296,7 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
     const bootData: WorkerBootData = {
       code,
       namespaces: [...bindings].map(([global, functions]) => ({ global, names: Object.keys(functions) })),
-      maxLogBytes: this.config.maxLogBytes,
-      maxValueBytes: this.config.maxValueBytes,
+      maxOutputBytes: this.config.maxOutputBytes,
     }
     const worker = new Worker(WORKER_PATH, {
       workerData: bootData,
@@ -274,28 +320,13 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
       const answered = new Set<number>()
       const logs: string[] = []
       const strayLogs: string[] = []
-
-      // One host-side budget covers normal, forged, and stray-pipe log entries. The first
-      // overflow emits the shared in-band marker and drops everything after it.
-      let logBudget = this.config.maxLogBytes
-      let logsTruncated = false
-      const admit = (text: string, sink: string[]): void => {
-        if (logsTruncated) return
-        const cost = Buffer.byteLength(text, 'utf8')
-        if (cost > logBudget) {
-          logsTruncated = true
-          sink.push(logTruncationMarker(this.config.maxLogBytes))
-          return
-        }
-        logBudget -= cost
-        sink.push(text)
-      }
+      const output = new OutputLedger(this.config.maxOutputBytes)
 
       // No settled guard: `finish` snapshots the arrays when it resolves, so
       // a chunk flushing after settlement mutates only the discarded buffers,
       // and the ledger bounds that growth until the pipes close.
       const captureStray = (chunk: Buffer): void => {
-        admit(chunk.toString('utf8'), strayLogs)
+        if (!settled && !output.admit(chunk.toString('utf8'), strayLogs)) finish(output.limit([...logs, ...strayLogs]))
       }
       worker.stdout.on('data', captureStray)
       worker.stderr.on('data', captureStray)
@@ -304,7 +335,7 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
       // logs captured before timeout, abort, or failure remain in the result.
       let finishResolve!: () => void
       const finished = new Promise<void>((done) => { finishResolve = done })
-      const finish = (result: Omit<CodeRunResult, 'logs'>): void => {
+      const finish = (result: CodeRunResult): void => {
         if (settled) return
         settled = true
         clearInterval(eluTimer)
@@ -313,18 +344,28 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
         this.live.delete(live)
         void worker.terminate().then(() => {
           finishResolve()
-          resolve({ ...result, logs: [...logs, ...strayLogs] })
+          resolve(result)
         })
       }
 
       const onDone = (message: WorkerToHost): void => {
         if (message.type !== 'done') return
-        // Re-cap forged completion traffic at the hostile boundary. Honest worker-capped values
-        // pass unchanged via VALUE_RENDER_SLACK; error text is bounded too.
-        finish({
-          ...prepareValue(message.value, this.config.maxValueBytes + VALUE_RENDER_SLACK),
-          ...message.error ? { error: { kind: 'exception' as const, message: truncateUtf8Bytes(message.error.message, this.config.maxValueBytes) } } : {},
-        })
+        const captured = [...logs, ...strayLogs]
+        if (message.error) {
+          finish(output.failure(captured, message.error))
+          return
+        }
+        if (message.value === undefined) {
+          finish(output.success(captured))
+          return
+        }
+        // The worker-thread boundary has already structured-cloned this
+        // hostile value, so accessors and proxies cannot survive to throw
+        // during the lossless-JSON snapshot.
+        const value = snapshotJsonValue(message.value) as CodeJsonValue | undefined
+        finish(value === undefined
+          ? output.failure(captured, { kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' })
+          : output.success(captured, value))
       }
 
       const onCall = (message: WorkerToHost): void => {
@@ -336,13 +377,9 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
         answered.add(message.id)
         const reply = (payload: ReplyMessage): void => {
           if (settled) return
-          try {
-            worker.postMessage(payload)
-          } catch {
-            // The reply value failed structured clone; renegotiate as an error
-            // reply, which is always clone-plain. Nothing else throws here.
-            worker.postMessage({ type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: false, message: 'binding resolution is not structured-cloneable' })
-          }
+          // Canonical resolutions were snapshotted as lossless JSON before
+          // this point, so this payload is structured-cloneable by contract.
+          worker.postMessage(payload)
         }
         const record = bindings.get(message.global)
         // Own-property lookup only: a forged name like 'constructor' or
@@ -355,7 +392,18 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
         }
         void (async () => {
           try {
-            reply({ type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: true, value: await fn(message.args) })
+            const resolved = await fn(message.args)
+            let value: CodeJsonValue | undefined
+            try {
+              value = snapshotJsonValue(resolved)
+            } catch {
+              value = undefined
+            }
+            if (value === undefined) {
+              reply({ type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: false, message: 'binding resolution must be lossless JSON' })
+            } else {
+              reply({ type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: true, value })
+            }
           } catch (error: unknown) {
             reply({ type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: false, message: messageOf(error) })
           }
@@ -367,15 +415,22 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
         // this listener would crash the host process. Junk drops silently.
         const message = parseWorkerMessage(raw)
         if (!message) return
-        if (message.type === 'log' && !settled) admit(message.text, logs)
+        if (message.type === 'log' && !settled && !output.admit(message.text, logs)) {
+          finish(output.limit([...logs, ...strayLogs]))
+          return
+        }
+        if (message.type === 'output-limit' && !settled) {
+          finish(output.limit([...logs, ...strayLogs]))
+          return
+        }
         onCall(message)
         onDone(message)
       })
       worker.on('error', (error: Error) => {
-        finish({ error: { kind: 'worker-exit', message: `worker error: ${error.message}` } })
+        finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], { kind: 'worker-exit', message: `worker error: ${error.message}` }))
       })
       worker.on('exit', (exitCode: number) => {
-        finish({ error: { kind: 'worker-exit', message: `worker exited with code ${exitCode} before completing` } })
+        finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], { kind: 'worker-exit', message: `worker exited with code ${exitCode} before completing` }))
       })
 
       // The compute budget reads the worker's own measured busy time, so a
@@ -384,21 +439,21 @@ export class WorkerCodeRuntime extends CodeRuntime {
       const eluTimer = setInterval(() => {
         const elu = worker.performance.eventLoopUtilization()
         if (elu.active > this.config.computeMs) {
-          finish({ error: { kind: 'timeout', message: `compute budget exhausted (${this.config.computeMs}ms busy)` } })
+          finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], { kind: 'timeout', message: `compute budget exhausted (${this.config.computeMs}ms busy)` }))
         }
       }, ELU_POLL_INTERVAL_MS)
       const wallTimer = setTimeout(() => {
-        finish({ error: { kind: 'timeout', message: `wall-clock ceiling reached (${this.config.maxWallMs}ms)` } })
+        finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], { kind: 'timeout', message: `wall-clock ceiling reached (${this.config.maxWallMs}ms)` }))
       }, this.config.maxWallMs)
       const onAbort = (): void => {
-        finish({ error: { kind: 'abort', message: String(request.signal?.reason) } })
+        finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], { kind: 'abort', message: String(request.signal?.reason) }))
       }
       request.signal?.addEventListener('abort', onAbort, { once: true })
 
       const live: LiveRun = {
         worker,
         finished,
-        settle: (failure: CodeRunFailure) => { finish({ error: failure }) },
+        settle: (failure: CodeRunFailure) => { finish(output.failure([...logs, ...strayLogs], failure)) },
       }
       this.live.add(live)
     })

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/src/protocol.ts

@@ -11,10 +11,8 @@ export interface WorkerBootData {
   code: string
   /** Binding namespaces to materialize: the global name plus the function names (functions themselves stay host-side). */
   namespaces: { global: string; names: string[] }[]
-  /** Shared byte budget for captured log text; exceeding it drops further entries after one in-band marker. */
-  maxLogBytes: number
-  /** Byte cap for the rendered completion value (see the value-preparation contract in bootstrap.ts). */
-  maxValueBytes: number
+  /** Hard cap for the combined serialized outer logs plus completion value or failure diagnostic. */
+  maxOutputBytes: number
 }
 
 /** Worker → host: one bridged binding call. */
@@ -36,6 +34,11 @@ interface LogMessage {
   text: string
 }
 
+/** Worker → host: worker-side capture or completion measurement exceeded the outer cap. */
+interface OutputLimitMessage {
+  type: 'output-limit'
+}
+
 /**
  * Worker → host: the program settled. `error` carries a program exception
  * (the only failure the bootstrap itself can report — budgets, aborts, and
@@ -47,26 +50,13 @@ interface LogMessage {
 export interface DoneMessage {
   type: 'done'
   value?: unknown
-  error?: { message: string }
+  error?: { kind: 'exception' | 'invalid-output' | 'output-limit'; message: string }
 }
 
 /** Every message the worker sends. */
-export type WorkerToHost = CallMessage | LogMessage | DoneMessage
+export type WorkerToHost = CallMessage | LogMessage | OutputLimitMessage | DoneMessage
 
 /** Host → worker: the answer to one {@link CallMessage}. */
 export type ReplyMessage =
   | { type: 'reply'; id: number; ok: true; value: unknown }
   | { type: 'reply'; id: number; ok: false; message: string }
-
-/**
- * The in-band marker entry text announcing that log capture stopped at the
- * byte budget. Shared wire vocabulary: the worker's LogBuffer emits it when
- * ITS budget exhausts, and the host emits the identical text when its own
- * ledger drops an entry first (forged port traffic, stray pipe bytes) — so
- * a truncated run reads the same however the cap was hit.
- * @param maxBytes - the configured `maxLogBytes` the marker names.
- * @returns the marker line.
- */
-export function logTruncationMarker(maxBytes: number): string {
-  return `[dsh-code-runtime-worker] log capture truncated at ${maxBytes} bytes`
-}

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/tests/bootstrap.spec.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events'
-import { LogBuffer, makeConsoleShim, makeNamespaces, captureStreamWrites, prepareValue, runWorkerMain, truncateUtf8Bytes, wireReplies } from '../src/bootstrap.ts'
+import { LogBuffer, makeConsoleShim, makeNamespaces, captureStreamWrites, prepareCompletion, runWorkerMain, ToolCallError, truncateUtf8Bytes, wireReplies } from '../src/bootstrap.ts'
 import type { BootstrapPort, PatchableStream, PendingCall } from '../src/bootstrap.ts'
 import type { ReplyMessage, WorkerToHost } from '../src/protocol.ts'
 
@@ -43,19 +43,34 @@ function fakeStreams(): { stdout: PatchableStream; stderr: PatchableStream } {
   return { stdout: { write: () => true }, stderr: { write: () => true } }
 }
 
-const BOOT = { maxLogBytes: 65_536, maxValueBytes: 32_768 }
+/** Capture one promise rejection without Vitest's intentionally `any` matcher channel. */
+async function rejectionOf(promise: Promise<unknown>): Promise<unknown> {
+  try {
+    await promise
+    return undefined
+  } catch (error: unknown) {
+    return error
+  }
+}
+
+const BOOT = { maxOutputBytes: 65_536 }
 
 describe('LogBuffer', () => {
-  it('streams entries to the sink until the byte budget, then emits one marker and drops the rest', () => {
+  it('streams entries to the sink until the byte budget, then emits one fitting prefix and reports the limit once', () => {
     const seen: string[] = []
-    const buffer = new LogBuffer(10, text => seen.push(text))
+    let limits = 0
+    const buffer = new LogBuffer(10, text => seen.push(text), () => { limits += 1 })
     buffer.push('12345')
     buffer.push('123456')
     buffer.push('dropped')
-    expect(seen).toEqual([
-      '12345',
-      '[dsh-code-runtime-worker] log capture truncated at 10 bytes',
-    ])
+    expect(seen).toEqual(['12345', '12345'])
+    expect(limits).toBe(1)
+
+    const exactlyFull: string[] = []
+    const fullBuffer = new LogBuffer(4, text => exactlyFull.push(text))
+    fullBuffer.push('1234')
+    fullBuffer.push('no-prefix-fits')
+    expect(exactlyFull).toEqual(['1234'])
   })
 })
 
@@ -109,45 +124,42 @@ describe('captureStreamWrites', () => {
   })
 })
 
-describe('prepareValue', () => {
-  it('omits undefined, passes small cloneable values raw', () => {
-    expect(prepareValue(undefined, 100)).toEqual({})
-    expect(prepareValue({ a: [1, 'two'] }, 100)).toEqual({ value: { a: [1, 'two'] } })
+describe('prepareCompletion', () => {
+  it('omits undefined and passes lossless JSON values exactly', () => {
+    expect(prepareCompletion(undefined, 100)).toEqual({})
+    expect(prepareCompletion({ a: [1, 'two'] }, 100)).toEqual({ value: { a: [1, 'two'] } })
   })
 
-  it('replaces a non-cloneable value with its rendering', () => {
-    const { value } = prepareValue({ fn: () => 1 }, 1_000)
-    expect(typeof value).toBe('string')
-    expect(value).toContain('fn')
-  })
-
-  it('replaces an oversized value with a truncation-marked capped rendering', () => {
-    const { value } = prepareValue('x'.repeat(50), 10)
-    expect(value).toBe(`${'x'.repeat(10)}… [truncated]`)
+  it('turns every lossy completion shape into invalid-output', () => {
+    const cyclic: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+    cyclic.self = cyclic
+    const sparse = Array(2)
+    class Exotic { readonly marker = true }
+    for (const value of [{ fn: () => 1 }, -0, Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY, sparse, cyclic, new Exotic()]) {
+      expect(prepareCompletion(value, 1_000)).toEqual({
+        error: { kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' },
+      })
+    }
   })
 
-  it('measures a container by its structured-clone wire size, not its bounded rendering', () => {
-    // The bounded inspect rendering of a huge array is tiny ("... N more
-    // items"), but its real cross-boundary size is not — the cap must catch
-    // it, replacing the value with that bounded rendering.
-    const huge = new Array(50_000).fill(7)
-    const { value } = prepareValue(huge, 1_000)
-    expect(typeof value).toBe('string')
-    expect(value).toContain('more items')
+  it('reports an oversized value instead of substituting rendered text', () => {
+    expect(prepareCompletion('x'.repeat(50), 10)).toEqual({
+      error: { kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 10 bytes' },
+    })
   })
 
-  it('caps a multibyte string by UTF-8 bytes, not UTF-16 length', () => {
-    // 4 code units but 12 UTF-8 bytes: a length-counting cap would pass the
-    // full string through untruncated.
-    expect(prepareValue('€€€€', 4)).toEqual({ value: '€… [truncated]' })
+  it('measures the exact JSON serialization at and over the boundary', () => {
+    expect(prepareCompletion('€', 5)).toEqual({ value: '€' })
+    expect(prepareCompletion('€', 4)).toEqual({
+      error: { kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 4 bytes' },
+    })
   })
 
-  it('caps a multibyte rendering by UTF-8 bytes too', () => {
-    // Wire size (24-byte string inside an array) exceeds the cap, so the
-    // value crosses as its rendering — whose truncation must also be
-    // byte-exact: "[ '" (3 bytes) + two € (6 bytes) = 9; a third € would
-    // overflow the 10-byte budget.
-    expect(prepareValue(['€€€€€€€€'], 10)).toEqual({ value: "[ '€€… [truncated]" })
+  it('contains a getter failure as invalid-output', () => {
+    const value = Object.defineProperty({}, 'x', { enumerable: true, get() { throw new Error('getter exploded') } })
+    expect(prepareCompletion(value, 1_000)).toEqual({
+      error: { kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' },
+    })
   })
 })
 
@@ -191,10 +203,35 @@ describe('makeNamespaces', () => {
     }
     const pending = new Map<number, PendingCall>()
     const [tools] = makeNamespaces({ namespaces: [{ global: 'tools', names: ['x'] }] }, throwingPort, pending, { value: 1 }) as [Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>>]
-    await expect(tools.x?.(() => 1)).rejects.toThrow(/structured-cloneable: DataCloneError-ish/)
-    await expect(tools.x?.(() => 1)).rejects.toThrow(/structured-cloneable: raw-clone-failure/)
+    const first = await rejectionOf(tools.x?.(() => 1) ?? Promise.resolve())
+    const second = await rejectionOf(tools.x?.(() => 1) ?? Promise.resolve())
+    expect(first).toMatchObject({ name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'x' })
+    expect(second).toMatchObject({ name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'x' })
+    expect(first).toBeInstanceOf(ToolCallError)
+    expect(second).toBeInstanceOf(ToolCallError)
+    expect((first as Error).message).toMatch(/DataCloneError-ish/)
+    expect((second as Error).message).toMatch(/raw-clone-failure/)
     expect(pending.size).toBe(0)
   })
+
+  it('uses ordinary Error for non-tools namespace failures', async () => {
+    const deniedPort = new FakePort()
+    deniedPort.respond = message => message.type === 'call'
+      ? { type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: false, message: 'helper denied' }
+      : undefined
+    const deniedPending = new Map<number, PendingCall>()
+    wireReplies(deniedPort, deniedPending)
+    const [helpers] = makeNamespaces({ namespaces: [{ global: 'helpers', names: ['x'] }] }, deniedPort, deniedPending, { value: 1 }) as [Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>>]
+    const denied = await rejectionOf(helpers.x?.({}) ?? Promise.resolve())
+    expect(denied).toBeInstanceOf(Error)
+    expect(denied).not.toBeInstanceOf(ToolCallError)
+
+    const clonePort: BootstrapPort = { postMessage: () => { throw new Error('clone failed') }, on: () => {} }
+    const [cloneHelpers] = makeNamespaces({ namespaces: [{ global: 'helpers', names: ['x'] }] }, clonePort, new Map(), { value: 1 }) as [Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>>]
+    const cloneFailure = await rejectionOf(cloneHelpers.x?.(() => 1) ?? Promise.resolve())
+    expect(cloneFailure).toBeInstanceOf(Error)
+    expect(cloneFailure).not.toBeInstanceOf(ToolCallError)
+  })
 })
 
 describe('runWorkerMain', () => {
@@ -210,11 +247,24 @@ describe('runWorkerMain', () => {
     expect(port.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', value: { doubled: 42 } })
   })
 
+  it('reports worker-side log capture overflow before completing', async () => {
+    const port = new FakePort()
+    await runWorkerMain(port, {
+      maxOutputBytes: 4,
+      code: 'console.log("12345"); return null',
+      namespaces: [],
+    }, fakeStreams())
+    expect(port.sent).toContainEqual({ type: 'log', text: '1234' })
+    expect(port.sent).toContainEqual({ type: 'output-limit' })
+    expect(port.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', value: null })
+  })
+
   it('reports a thrown program error on the done message', async () => {
     const port = new FakePort()
     await runWorkerMain(port, { ...BOOT, code: 'throw new Error("boom")', namespaces: [] }, fakeStreams())
     const done = port.done()
     expect(done?.type).toBe('done')
+    expect(done?.type === 'done' ? done.error?.kind : undefined).toBe('exception')
     expect(done?.type === 'done' ? done.error?.message : undefined).toContain('boom')
     expect(done?.type === 'done' ? done.value : undefined).toBeUndefined()
   })
@@ -222,11 +272,11 @@ describe('runWorkerMain', () => {
   it('renders non-Error throws and stack-less Errors on the done message', async () => {
     const rawPort = new FakePort()
     await runWorkerMain(rawPort, { ...BOOT, code: 'throw "raw-throw"', namespaces: [] }, fakeStreams())
-    expect(rawPort.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', error: { message: 'raw-throw' } })
+    expect(rawPort.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', error: { kind: 'exception', message: 'raw-throw' } })
 
     const barePort = new FakePort()
     await runWorkerMain(barePort, { ...BOOT, code: 'const e = new Error("bare"); e.stack = undefined; throw e', namespaces: [] }, fakeStreams())
-    expect(barePort.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', error: { message: 'bare' } })
+    expect(barePort.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', error: { kind: 'exception', message: 'bare' } })
   })
 
   it('surfaces a host failure reply as a program-side rejection it can catch', async () => {
@@ -234,10 +284,14 @@ describe('runWorkerMain', () => {
     port.respond = message => message.type === 'call' ? { type: 'reply', id: message.id, ok: false, message: 'denied by host' } : undefined
     await runWorkerMain(port, {
       ...BOOT,
-      code: 'try { await tools.x({}) } catch (error) { return `caught: ${error.message}` }',
+      code: 'try { await tools.x({}) } catch (error) { return { caught: error instanceof ToolCallError, name: error.name, toolName: error.toolName, message: error.message } }',
       namespaces: [{ global: 'tools', names: ['x'] }],
     }, fakeStreams())
-    expect(port.done()).toEqual({ type: 'done', value: 'caught: denied by host' })
+    expect(port.done()).toEqual({
+      type: 'done',
+      value: { caught: true, name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'x', message: 'denied by host' },
+    })
+    expect(new ToolCallError('x', 'nope')).toMatchObject({ name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'x', message: 'nope' })
   })
 
   it('ignores replies for unknown pending ids', async () => {

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/tests/runtime.spec.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { Context } from 'cordis'
 import { WorkerCodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
 import type { Config } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
-import type { CodeRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
+import type { CodeBindingFunction, CodeBindingNamespace, CodeRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
 
 /**
  * Integration suite over REAL worker threads (no mocks — workers are cheap
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ async function setup(config: Config = {}) {
 }
 
 /** Convenience: one namespace `tools` with the given functions. */
-function tools(functions: Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>>) {
-  return [{ global: 'tools', functions }]
+function tools(functions: Record<string, (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>>): CodeBindingNamespace[] {
+  return [{ global: 'tools', functions: functions as Record<string, CodeBindingFunction> }]
 }
 
 describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — programs and bindings (real workers)', () => {
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — programs and bindings (real workers)', () => {
     const result = await runtime.run({
       program: `
         const first = await tools.echo({ n: 1 });
-        let caught = '';
-        try { await tools.fail({}) } catch (error) { caught = error.message }
-        let caughtRaw = '';
-        try { await tools.failRaw({}) } catch (error) { caughtRaw = error.message }
+        let caught = {};
+        try { await tools.fail({}) } catch (error) { caught = { isTyped: error instanceof ToolCallError, name: error.name, toolName: error.toolName, message: error.message } }
+        let caughtRaw = {};
+        try { await tools.failRaw({}) } catch (error) { caughtRaw = { name: error.name, toolName: error.toolName, message: error.message } }
         return { first, caught, caughtRaw };
       `,
       bindings: tools({
@@ -66,7 +66,11 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — programs and bindings (real workers)', () => {
       }),
     })
     expect(result.error).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(result.value).toEqual({ first: { echoed: { n: 1 } }, caught: 'nope', caughtRaw: 'raw-nope' })
+    expect(result.value).toEqual({
+      first: { echoed: { n: 1 } },
+      caught: { isTyped: true, name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'fail', message: 'nope' },
+      caughtRaw: { name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'failRaw', message: 'raw-nope' },
+    })
     expect(calls).toEqual([{ n: 1 }])
   })
 
@@ -90,10 +94,11 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — programs and bindings (real workers)', () => {
     expect(result.value).toBe('{}')
   })
 
-  it('replaces a non-cloneable return value with a string rendering', async () => {
+  it('rejects a non-lossless completion instead of replacing it with rendered text', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return { f: () => 1 }', bindings: [] })
-    expect(typeof result.value).toBe('string')
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' })
   })
 
   it('completes a program that returns nothing with no value at all', async () => {
@@ -201,30 +206,47 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — budgets and containment (real workers)', () => {
     expect(after.value).toBe('alive')
   }, 30_000)
 
-  it('truncates runaway log output at the byte budget with an in-band marker', async () => {
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxLogBytes: 300 })
+  it('fails runaway log output explicitly while retaining a bounded prefix', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 300 })
     const result = await runtime.run({
       program: 'for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) console.log("spam line", i); return 1',
       bindings: [],
     })
-    expect(result.logs.at(-1)).toContain('truncated at 300 bytes')
-    const total = result.logs.reduce((sum, text) => sum + Buffer.byteLength(text, 'utf8'), 0)
-    expect(total).toBeLessThan(1_000)
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 300 bytes' })
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.logs.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+    expect(Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(result.logs), 'utf8')).toBeLessThan(300)
   })
 
-  it('caps an oversized return value with a truncation marker', async () => {
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxValueBytes: 64 })
+  it('fails an oversized return value without substituting a string', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 64 })
     const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return "y".repeat(10_000)', bindings: [] })
-    expect(result.value).toBe(`${'y'.repeat(64)}… [truncated]`)
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 64 bytes' })
   })
 
-  it('caps a multibyte return value by UTF-8 bytes, not string length', async () => {
-    // 4 code units, 12 UTF-8 bytes: a length-counting cap would let the full
-    // string cross. The worker's byte-exact capped rendering then passes the
-    // host re-cap unchanged (cap + marker is exactly the granted slack).
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxValueBytes: 4 })
-    const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return "€€€€"', bindings: [] })
-    expect(result.value).toBe('€… [truncated]')
+  it('uses UTF-8 serialized bytes at the exact completion boundary', async () => {
+    const exact = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 7 })
+    const exactResult = await exact.runtime.run({ program: 'return "€"', bindings: [] })
+    // [] costs two bytes and JSON serialization of "€" costs five.
+    expect(exactResult).toEqual({ logs: [], value: '€' })
+
+    const over = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 6 })
+    const overResult = await over.runtime.run({ program: 'return "€"', bindings: [] })
+    expect(overResult.error?.kind).toBe('output-limit')
+  })
+
+  it('accounts logs and completion in one exact combined ledger', async () => {
+    // JSON(["abc"]) is seven bytes and JSON("xy") is four.
+    const exact = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 11 })
+    expect(await exact.runtime.run({ program: 'console.log("abc"); return "xy"', bindings: [] }))
+      .toEqual({ logs: ['abc'], value: 'xy' })
+
+    const over = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 10 })
+    const result = await over.runtime.run({ program: 'console.log("abc"); return "xy"', bindings: [] })
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.error?.kind).toBe('output-limit')
+    expect(Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(result.logs), 'utf8') + Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(result.error?.message), 'utf8')).toBeLessThanOrEqual(10)
   })
 
   it('completes a program that awaits its write callback, capturing the chunk', async () => {
@@ -241,32 +263,48 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — budgets and containment (real workers)', () => {
     expect(result.logs).toContain('flushed')
   })
 
-  it('caps a huge container whose bounded rendering is small (wire size, not rendering, is what counts)', async () => {
+  it('returns a large JSON container exactly when the outer cap permits it', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return new Array(50_000).fill(7)', bindings: [] })
     expect(result.error).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(typeof result.value).toBe('string')
-    expect(result.value).toContain('more items')
+    expect(result.value).toEqual(new Array(50_000).fill(7))
   })
 
-  it('captures pipe writes that bypass the patched write slot as stray logs, capped by the same budget', async () => {
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxLogBytes: 4 })
+  it('returns an exact completion at the default 64 MiB combined boundary', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup()
+    // [] costs two bytes and the JSON string contributes two quotes, leaving
+    // exactly this many payload bytes under the 67_108_864-byte default.
+    const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return "x".repeat(67_108_860)', bindings: [] })
+    expect(result.error).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.logs).toEqual([])
+    expect(result.value).toHaveLength(67_108_860)
+  }, 60_000)
+
+  it('fails one byte over the default 64 MiB combined boundary', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup()
+    const result = await runtime.run({ program: 'return "x".repeat(67_108_861)', bindings: [] })
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 67108864 bytes' })
+  }, 60_000)
+
+  it('accounts pipe writes that bypass the patched write slot in the same outer ledger', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 80 })
     const result = await runtime.run({
       // The prototype write bypasses the patched instance and reaches the real pipe. Pauses keep
       // writes in separate chunks and let both reach the host before settlement.
       program: `
         const write = (text) => Object.getPrototypeOf(process.stdout).write.call(process.stdout, text);
-        write('abcd');
+        write('a'.repeat(20));
         await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 150));
-        write('ef');
+        write('b'.repeat(100));
         await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
         return 1;
       `,
       bindings: [],
     })
-    expect(result.error).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(result.logs).toContain('abcd')
-    expect(result.logs).not.toContain('ef')
+    expect(result.error?.kind).toBe('output-limit')
+    expect(result.logs).toContain('a'.repeat(20))
+    expect(result.logs).not.toContain('b'.repeat(100))
   }, 15_000)
 })
 
@@ -305,7 +343,8 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — hostile programs (real workers)', () => {
           { type: 'log', text: 7 },
           { type: 'log', text: {} },
           { type: 'done', error: 5 },
-          { type: 'done', error: { message: 5 } },
+          { type: 'done', error: { kind: 'exception', message: 5 } },
+          { type: 'done', error: { kind: 'invented', message: 'bad kind' } },
         ]) parentPort.postMessage(junk);
         return await tools.real({});
       `,
@@ -316,10 +355,10 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — hostile programs (real workers)', () => {
     expect(result.logs).toEqual([])
   })
 
-  it('caps forged log floods and forged done values at the configured budgets, dropping forged extra fields', async () => {
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxLogBytes: 200, maxValueBytes: 64 })
+  it('fails forged log floods and forged done values through the same outer cap', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 200 })
     const result = await runtime.run({
-      // Forged messages bypass the worker-side LogBuffer and prepareValue
+      // Forged messages bypass the worker-side LogBuffer and completion check
       // entirely — only the host-side ledger and re-cap stand between model
       // code and an unbounded result.
       program: `
@@ -330,53 +369,79 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — hostile programs (real workers)', () => {
       `,
       bindings: [],
     })
-    expect(typeof result.value).toBe('string')
-    const value = result.value as string
-    expect(value.startsWith('V'.repeat(64))).toBe(true)
-    expect(value.endsWith('… [truncated]')).toBe(true)
-    expect(value.length).toBeLessThan(120)
-    const marker = '[dsh-code-runtime-worker] log capture truncated at 200 bytes'
-    const total = result.logs.reduce((sum, text) => sum + Buffer.byteLength(text, 'utf8'), 0)
-    expect(total).toBeLessThanOrEqual(200 + Buffer.byteLength(marker, 'utf8'))
-    expect(result.logs.at(-1)).toBe(marker)
+    expect(result.value).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 200 bytes' })
+    expect(Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(result.logs), 'utf8')).toBeLessThan(200)
   })
 
-  it('accepts a forged done carrying both value and error (self-sabotage, contained)', async () => {
+  it('drops a malformed forged done carrying both value and error', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     const result = await runtime.run({
       program: `
         const { parentPort } = await import('node:worker_threads');
-        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'done', value: 'lied', error: { message: 'fake failure' } });
-        for (;;) {}
+        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'done', value: 'lied', error: { kind: 'exception', message: 'fake failure' } });
+        return 'honest';
       `,
       bindings: [],
     })
-    expect(result.value).toBe('lied')
-    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'exception', message: 'fake failure' })
+    expect(result).toEqual({ logs: [], error: { kind: 'exception', message: 'fake failure' } })
   })
 
-  it('byte-bounds forged multibyte error text at the host', async () => {
-    // Forged error text bypasses the worker entirely; the host bound is a
-    // BYTE bound (two € = 6 bytes fit an 8-byte cap, a third would not).
-    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxValueBytes: 8 })
+  it('turns forged over-limit error text into output-limit at the host', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup({ maxOutputBytes: 64 })
     const result = await runtime.run({
       program: `
         const { parentPort } = await import('node:worker_threads');
-        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'done', error: { message: '€'.repeat(1000) } });
+        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'done', error: { kind: 'exception', message: '€'.repeat(1000) } });
         for (;;) {}
       `,
       bindings: [],
     })
-    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'exception', message: '€€' })
+    expect(result.error).toEqual({ kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 64 bytes' })
   })
 
-  it('answers a binding whose resolution cannot be cloned with a failure reply', async () => {
+  it('answers a binding whose resolution is not lossless JSON with a typed failure reply', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     const result = await runtime.run({
-      program: 'try { await tools.bad({}) } catch (error) { return error.message }',
+      program: 'try { await tools.bad({}) } catch (error) { return { name: error.name, toolName: error.toolName, message: error.message } }',
       bindings: tools({ bad: async () => (() => 1) }),
     })
-    expect(result.value).toContain('not structured-cloneable')
+    expect(result.value).toEqual({ name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'bad', message: 'binding resolution must be lossless JSON' })
+  })
+
+  it('contains throwing getters while snapshotting binding resolutions', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup()
+    const result = await runtime.run({
+      program: 'try { await tools.bad({}) } catch (error) { return { name: error.name, toolName: error.toolName, message: error.message } }',
+      bindings: tools({ bad: async () => Object.defineProperty({}, 'bad', { enumerable: true, get() { throw new Error('getter exploded') } }) }),
+    })
+    expect(result.value).toEqual({ name: 'ToolCallError', toolName: 'bad', message: 'binding resolution must be lossless JSON' })
+  })
+
+  it('revalidates a forged lossy completion at the host boundary', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup()
+    const result = await runtime.run({
+      program: `
+        const { parentPort } = await import('node:worker_threads');
+        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'done', value: -0 });
+        for (;;) {}
+      `,
+      bindings: [],
+    })
+    expect(result).toEqual({ logs: [], error: { kind: 'invalid-output', message: 'program completion must be lossless JSON' } })
+  })
+
+  it('honors a forged worker-side output-limit signal', async () => {
+    const { runtime } = await setup()
+    const result = await runtime.run({
+      program: `
+        const { parentPort } = await import('node:worker_threads');
+        parentPort.postMessage({ type: 'output-limit' });
+        for (;;) {}
+      `,
+      bindings: [],
+    })
+    expect(result).toEqual({ logs: [], error: { kind: 'output-limit', message: 'outer output exceeded 67108864 bytes' } })
   })
 
   it('exposes binding names that collide with Object.prototype as ordinary functions', async () => {
@@ -392,12 +457,13 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — hostile programs (real workers)', () => {
 })
 
 describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — seam misuse and lifecycle', () => {
-  it('rejects invalid binding globals loudly (identifier, reserved word, duplicate, console)', async () => {
+  it('rejects invalid binding globals loudly (identifier, reserved word, duplicate, reserved injected globals)', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     const cases: [string, RegExp][] = [
       ['not valid!', /not a usable identifier/],
       ['await', /not a usable identifier/],
       ['console', /duplicate binding global/],
+      ['ToolCallError', /duplicate binding global/],
     ]
     for (const [global, message] of cases) {
       await expect(runtime.run({ program: 'return 1', bindings: [{ global, functions: {} }] })).rejects.toThrow(message)
@@ -413,6 +479,12 @@ describe('WorkerCodeRuntime — seam misuse and lifecycle', () => {
     await expect(ctx.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, { computeMs: -1 })).rejects.toThrow(/positive number/)
   })
 
+  it('requires maxOutputBytes to fit the smallest outer failure envelope', async () => {
+    const ctx = new Context()
+    await expect(ctx.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, { maxOutputBytes: 3 })).rejects.toThrow(/safe integer of at least 4/)
+    await expect(ctx.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, { maxOutputBytes: 4.5 })).rejects.toThrow(/safe integer of at least 4/)
+  })
+
   it('keeps runs isolated: no state survives from one run to the next', async () => {
     const { runtime } = await setup()
     await runtime.run({ program: 'globalThis.leak = "value"; return 1', bindings: [] })

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime-worker/tsconfig.json

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
     "src"
   ],
   "references": [
+    {
+      "path": "../../core/session"
+    },
     {
       "path": "../../../vendor/cosmokit"
     },

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/README.md

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ This package is the interface third of the capability (the bash trio is the temp
 
 | Member | Semantics |
 |---|---|
-| `run(request)` | Execute one program against the request's bindings. **Resolves with an error FIELD for every program outcome** — parse/transform failure, thrown exception, budget expiry, abort, substrate death (`CodeRunFailure`'s orthogonal `kind` taxonomy); it rejects only for caller misuse of the seam itself (e.g. a run submitted after disposal). The program runs as the body of an async function: top-level `await`/`return` work, and the completion value becomes `result.value` when it survives the serialization boundary. |
+| `run(request)` | Execute one program against the request's bindings. **Resolves with an error FIELD for every program outcome** — parse/transform failure, thrown exception, invalid completion, output overflow, budget expiry, abort, or substrate death (`CodeRunFailure`'s orthogonal `kind` taxonomy); it rejects only for caller misuse of the seam itself (e.g. a run submitted after disposal). The program runs as the body of an async function: top-level `await`/`return` work, and a lossless JSON completion becomes `result.value`. |
 | `language` | Readonly descriptor: the source language `run` expects (`'typescript'` is the well-known value). Informational, not gating — a consumer that generates language-specific presentation switches on it and fails loud on a language it cannot present. |
 | `isolation` | Readonly descriptor: the execution substrate (`'worker-thread'`, `'process'`, `'container'`). A label for deployments and diagnostics, **not a security claim**. |
 
-Semantics every implementation must honor (contract details in the class JSDoc): binding calls bridge to the caller's functions verbatim with structured-cloneable arguments/resolutions; the program is treated as a hostile peer (arbitrary binding names are own properties, malformed traffic never crashes the host); no state survives between runs; disposal terminates in-flight runs AND awaits their exit before completing.
+Semantics every implementation must honor (contract details in the class JSDoc): binding calls bridge complete lossless-JSON arguments and resolutions with no seam-level byte cap; the program is treated as a hostile peer (arbitrary binding names are own properties, malformed traffic never crashes the host); no state survives between runs; disposal terminates in-flight runs AND awaits their exit before completing.
 
 ## Vocabulary
 
-`CodeRunRequest` (`program`, `bindings`, `signal?`) carries everything the runtime acts on — defaulting (time budgets, output caps) is the implementation's validated config, never a hidden `??` inside `run()`. `bindings` is a list of `CodeBindingNamespace`s (`global` + `functions`), each exposed to the program as one global object of async callables. `CodeRunResult` reports the completion `value?`, ordered capped `logs: string[]`, and the `error?` (`CodeRunFailure`: `kind` + model-feedable `message`). See `src/types.ts` for the full contracts.
+`CodeRunRequest` (`program`, `bindings`, `signal?`) carries everything the runtime acts on — defaulting (time budgets and outer-output cap) is the implementation's validated config, never a hidden `??` inside `run()`. `bindings` is a list of `CodeBindingNamespace`s (`global` + `functions`), each exposed to the program as one global object of async callables returning `CodeJsonValue`, the seam-local structural equivalent of canonical `JsonValue` that keeps this interface package independent of sessions. `CodeRunResult` reports the lossless JSON completion `value?`, ordered `logs: string[]`, and the `error?` (`CodeRunFailure`: `kind` + model-feedable `message`). See `src/types.ts` for the full contracts.
 
 ## Model Experience
 
@@ -31,3 +31,4 @@ No direct invalidation; the named consumer owns any request-prefix changes.
 - **`run()` is one-shot** — `logs` arrive only on the resolved `CodeRunResult`; the seam exposes no streaming-log or progress surface for a live program's output.
 - **A persistent REPL-style kernel is recorded future work** — the no-state-between-runs contract stands until a persistent-kernel backend brings its own logging story ([Code Mode Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md)).
 - **Only the worker-thread backend ships** — `'process'`/`'container'` are declared well-known `isolation` values with no implementation; a hard security boundary awaits a container backend.
+- **Intermediate binding values have no byte cap** — implementations remain subject to structured-clone cost and process memory, while a provider or executor may already have imposed its own acquisition bound.

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import type { CodeRunRequest, CodeRunResult } from './types.ts'
 export type {
   CodeBindingFunction,
   CodeBindingNamespace,
+  CodeJsonValue,
   CodeRunFailure,
   CodeRunRequest,
   CodeRunResult,

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts

@@ -9,12 +9,16 @@
 /**
  * One host-side function exposed to the program as an async callable. The
  * runtime bridges calls to it (possibly across a serialization boundary), so
- * `args` and the resolution value MUST be structured-cloneable; a runtime
- * rejects a non-cloneable value with a descriptive error rather than
- * corrupting the run. A rejection of this function surfaces inside the
- * program as a rejection of the corresponding call.
+ * `args` and the resolution value MUST be lossless JSON. A runtime rejects a
+ * lossy or non-cloneable value with a descriptive error rather than corrupting
+ * the run. No seam-level byte cap applies to a binding resolution. A rejection
+ * of this function surfaces inside the program as a rejection of the
+ * corresponding call.
  */
-export type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>
+export type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<CodeJsonValue>
+
+/** A lossless JSON value transferable across the dependency-light code-runtime seam. */
+export type CodeJsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | CodeJsonValue[] | { [key: string]: CodeJsonValue }
 
 /**
  * A named group of {@link CodeBindingFunction}s the runtime exposes to the
@@ -63,10 +67,12 @@ export interface CodeRunRequest {
  * - `'timeout'` — an implementation-owned budget expired; the message says which.
  * - `'abort'` — {@link CodeRunRequest.signal} fired.
  * - `'worker-exit'` — the execution substrate died without settling (e.g. OOM).
+ * - `'invalid-output'` — the completion value was not lossless JSON.
+ * - `'output-limit'` — the serialized outer logs/value/diagnostic exceeded the configured cap.
  */
 export interface CodeRunFailure {
   /** The failure class (see the interface doc for each kind's meaning). */
-  kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit'
+  kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit' | 'invalid-output' | 'output-limit'
   /** Human-readable detail, suitable for feeding back to a model to self-correct. */
   message: string
 }
@@ -79,12 +85,12 @@ export interface CodeRunFailure {
 export interface CodeRunResult {
   /**
    * The program's completion value (its top-level `return`), when it ran to
-   * completion and the value survived the runtime's serialization boundary;
-   * a non-transferable value is replaced by a string rendering, and a failed
-   * or value-less run leaves this absent.
+   * completion and the value crossed the runtime's lossless-JSON boundary.
+   * Invalid or over-limit completions fail the run instead of substituting a
+   * rendered string; a failed or value-less run leaves this absent.
    */
-  value?: unknown
-  /** Text the program emitted, in order (capped by the implementation). */
+  value?: CodeJsonValue
+  /** Text the program emitted, in order, bounded only as part of the outer result. */
   logs: string[]
   /** Present iff the run failed; see {@link CodeRunFailure} for the taxonomy. */
   error?: CodeRunFailure

packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/tests/service.spec.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('CodeRuntime service seam', () => {
     const calls: unknown[] = []
     const result = await runtime.run({
       program: 'return 1',
-      bindings: [{ global: 'tools', functions: { probe: async args => void calls.push(args) } }],
+      bindings: [{ global: 'tools', functions: { probe: async (args) => { calls.push(args); return null } } }],
     })
     expect(result).toEqual({ logs: [] })
     expect(calls).toEqual([{ from: 'stub' }])

packages/cordis/tool-cordis/src/api-catalog.ts

@@ -1126,15 +1126,19 @@ export const TYPE_API: readonly TypeApiEntry[] = [
   },
   {
     name: 'CodeBindingFunction',
-    declaration: 'export type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<unknown>;',
+    declaration: 'export type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<CodeJsonValue>;',
   },
   {
     name: 'CodeBindingNamespace',
     declaration: 'export interface CodeBindingNamespace {\n    global: string;\n    functions: Record<string, CodeBindingFunction>;\n}',
   },
+  {
+    name: 'CodeJsonValue',
+    declaration: 'export type CodeJsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | CodeJsonValue[] | {\n    [key: string]: CodeJsonValue;\n};',
+  },
   {
     name: 'CodeRunFailure',
-    declaration: 'export interface CodeRunFailure {\n    kind: \'exception\' | \'timeout\' | \'abort\' | \'worker-exit\';\n    message: string;\n}',
+    declaration: 'export interface CodeRunFailure {\n    kind: \'exception\' | \'timeout\' | \'abort\' | \'worker-exit\' | \'invalid-output\' | \'output-limit\';\n    message: string;\n}',
   },
   {
     name: 'CodeRunRequest',
@@ -1142,7 +1146,7 @@ export const TYPE_API: readonly TypeApiEntry[] = [
   },
   {
     name: 'CodeRunResult',
-    declaration: 'export interface CodeRunResult {\n    value?: unknown;\n    logs: string[];\n    error?: CodeRunFailure;\n}',
+    declaration: 'export interface CodeRunResult {\n    value?: CodeJsonValue;\n    logs: string[];\n    error?: CodeRunFailure;\n}',
   },
   {
     name: 'CollectedOutput',

packages/core/tools/README.md

@@ -108,11 +108,12 @@ Returning `undefined` selects generic fallback. Presenters depend only on their
 
 ### Code Mode
 
-Under `code` or `both`, the registry exposes the reserved `run_code` transport and a deterministic TypeScript SDK for the current scope; only program output re-enters model context. Each JSON-normalized binding re-enters the complete tool pipeline sequentially with logged correlation to the outer call. Denials reject that binding, ordinary side effects are not rolled back, and sub-call `additionalContexts` are deferred through the parent result to preserve call/result adjacency. Run settlement aborts and drains outstanding bindings; failures surface as `CodeRunFailedError`. See the [Code Mode Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md) and [code-runtime seam](../../code-runtime/README.md). Try `pnpm run demo:code-mode`.
+Under `code` or `both`, the registry exposes the reserved `run_code` transport and a deterministic TypeScript SDK for the current scope; only the program's outer logs and return value re-enter model context. The SDK declares exact `ToolArgsMap` and `ToolOutputMap` entries for every visible tool, and each binding resolves to the tool's canonical JSON value. Each lossless-JSON binding call re-enters the complete tool pipeline sequentially with logged correlation to the outer call. Denials and other failed results reject with the real program-visible `ToolCallError` carrying only `toolName` and `message`; Native content and internal error codes stay outside the Code contract. Ordinary side effects are not rolled back, and sub-call `additionalContexts` are deferred through the parent result to preserve call/result adjacency. Run settlement aborts and drains outstanding bindings; runtime failures surface as `CodeRunFailedError`. See the [Code Mode foundation](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md), [typed-return contract](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md), and [code-runtime seam](../../code-runtime/README.md). Try `pnpm run demo:code-mode`.
 
-- **The SDK section** (`tools:sdk`, order 150): a lazy prompt section regenerating, at each assembly, a `declare const tools: {...}` TypeScript declaration of the calling scope's visible end capabilities (exotic names via quoted keys), plus fixed usage instructions. Deterministic — lexicographic tool order, byte-identical text for an unchanged tool set (prefix-cache-friendly). The codegen (`jsonSchemaToTs`, exported) is total: constructs outside the `defineTool` subset degrade to `unknown`, never throw.
-- **The dispatch bridge** (`run_code`'s execute): every binding call is JSON-normalized before dispatch (a value that does not survive — `BigInt`, circulars — rejects that one call, so the dispatched form and logged form are the same JSON value by construction), serialized through a per-run queue (even `Promise.all` executes underlying calls one at a time in submission order), given the outer execution's opaque token as `parent`, and run through the complete pre-execute → guards → execute → post-execute → result pipeline. A denial reaches the program as a binding rejection, and each sub-call is logged as a `tool/code-dispatch` session event with deterministic id `<parent>:code:<n>`; `deriveMessages()` does not surface that event. Token correlation lets commit-style observers defer an inner success until the final `run_code` result without exposing the live outer execution; ordinary tool side effects are not rolled back. Every sub-call `additionalContexts` entry is deferred through the outer `ToolRunContext` in dispatch order; the loop appends those contexts only after the parent `run_code` result, preserving adjacency and retaining each source/meta even when the program later fails.
+- **The SDK section** (`tools:sdk`, order 150): a lazy prompt section regenerating, at each assembly, `JsonValue`, exact `ToolArgsMap` / `ToolOutputMap`, `ToolName`, the `ToolCallError` declaration, and a mapped `tools` namespace for the calling scope's visible end capabilities (exotic names via quoted keys), plus fixed usage instructions. Deterministic — lexicographic tool order, byte-identical text for an unchanged tool set (prefix-cache-friendly). The codegen (`jsonSchemaToTs`, exported) handles every unified schema construct and degrades unsupported raw constructs to `unknown`, never throwing during prompt assembly.
+- **The dispatch bridge** (`run_code`'s execute): every binding call is snapshotted as lossless JSON before dispatch (`undefined`, `BigInt`, cycles, sparse arrays, `-0`, and exotic objects reject that one call), serialized through a per-run queue (even `Promise.all` executes underlying calls one at a time in submission order), given the outer execution's opaque token as `parent`, and run through the complete pre-execute → guards → execute → post-execute → result pipeline. A success returns the final canonical value after policy; a failure reaches the worker as one message and becomes `ToolCallError(toolName, message)`. Each sub-call is logged as a `tool/code-dispatch` session event with deterministic id `<parent>:code:<n>` and a bounded Native-content summary; `deriveMessages()` does not surface that event or persist the value. Token correlation lets commit-style observers defer an inner success until the final `run_code` result without exposing the live outer execution; ordinary tool side effects are not rolled back. Every sub-call `additionalContexts` entry is deferred through the outer `ToolRunContext` in dispatch order; the loop appends those contexts only after the parent `run_code` result, preserving adjacency and retaining each source/meta even when the program later fails.
 - **Settlement discipline**: the bridge owns a run-scoped abort that follows the outer signal in and fires when the run settles for any reason, so a budget expiry aborts an in-flight sub-tool instead of orphaning it; the bridge then drains its queue BEFORE returning, so every `tool/code-dispatch` lands inside the open turn. A failed run throws `CodeRunFailedError` (`code: 'CODE_RUN_FAILED'`, message = the failure kind + captured logs), which the pipeline converts to a structured `isError` the model self-corrects from.
+- **Result boundary**: intermediate binding values cross the worker boundary whole and have no per-binding byte cap. `run_code` returns canonical `{ logs: string[], result?: JsonValue }`; strings render raw, every other present JSON root renders as pretty JSON, `null` remains explicit, and absent `result` means the program returned `undefined`. The worker's configurable `maxOutputBytes` (default 64 MiB) applies only to the combined serialized outer logs, completion, or failure diagnostic; invalid and over-limit completions fail explicitly, and only this outer result is eligible for ordinary spill.
 
 ### Parallel execution
 
@@ -147,8 +148,8 @@ Code Mode exposes the generated [`run_code` schema](../../../docs/tool-catalog.m
 
 Pass `run_code` the body of an async TypeScript function (erasable syntax only — no `enum` or namespaces; type annotations are advisory, the code runs type-stripped). Inside the program:
 
-- Call tools as `await tools.name(args)` — quoted access for exotic names: `tools["my-tool"](args)`. Every call resolves to the tool's text output as a string. Tool arguments must be JSON-serializable.
-- A FAILED tool call rejects with an `Error` carrying the tool's error text — `try/catch` it to handle and continue.
+- Call tools as `await tools.name(args)` — quoted access for exotic names: `tools["my-tool"](args)`. Every call resolves to the tool's typed canonical JSON value. Tool arguments must be lossless JSON.
+- A FAILED tool call rejects with `ToolCallError`, whose `toolName` identifies the failed tool and whose `message` is human-readable — `try/catch` it to handle and continue.
 - Calls execute sequentially, even under `Promise.all`.
 - Emit results with `return` and/or `console.log(...)`. ONLY what you print or return comes back to you — intermediate tool results never enter the conversation, so extract just what you need.
 
@@ -181,8 +182,8 @@ Append-only; newly visible content follows the reusable request prefix and does
 
 - **Concurrency policy is not an event seam** — `executionMode()` reads the resolved tool definition directly; plugins can only declare a classifier on definitions they own.
 - **`tools/pre-execute` deliberately cannot rewrite `exec.arguments`** — logged and rendered args would desync from what ran; the rewrite design is [a proposed Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/proposed/feature/2026-06-30-pre-tool-input-rewrite.md).
-- **`defineTool`'s schema DSL is a deliberate subset** — string/number/boolean/object/array with string-only `enum`; `validateArgs` tolerates extra keys and preserves `default` as a model-visible JSON Schema annotation without applying it during validation; dynamic Cordis mounts may supply defaults even though first-party definitions do not, while raw-registered JSON-Schema tools validate their own input.
+- **Caller-defined subagent and workflow structured outputs remain object-rooted** — this is a consumer-level guard; the shared schema vocabulary and tool outputs support every JSON root.
 - **`timeoutMs` on a definition is declarative only** — the registry never enforces deadlines; enforcement requires the `@deepseek-ai/dsh-timeout-policy` wrapper.
 - **Code Mode is TypeScript-only and the presentation mode is service-wide** — `mode: code`/`both` rejects prompt assembly unless `ctx.codeRuntime.language === 'typescript'`; scoped restrictions/shadows still choose each agent's visible bindings, but one tool cannot be native-only while another is code-only.
-- **Code Mode bindings return text only** — non-text content blocks in a sub-call result collapse to `[<type> content]` placeholders.
+- **Code Mode intermediate values are execution-local and unbounded by bytes** — they cannot be reconstructed from session replay and may exhaust process or worker memory; only the outer `run_code` output has the worker's configurable hard cap.
 - **`run_code` state is fresh per run** — a persistent REPL-style kernel is rejected for the MVP (cross-call state would be invisible to the log); see [the Code Mode Agent Note](../../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md).

packages/core/tools/src/code-mode.ts

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
  */
 
 import { parse } from 'node:path'
-import { inspect } from 'node:util'
 import { CallId, HarnessError } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
 import type { ContentBlock } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
 import type { CodeBindingFunction, CodeRunResult, CodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
+import { snapshotJsonValue } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import type { JsonValue } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
 import { defineTool } from './schema.ts'
 import type { ToolDefinition, ToolRegistry } from './index.ts'
@@ -62,10 +62,7 @@ export class CodeRunFailedError extends HarnessError {
  */
 const SUMMARY_MAX_CHARS = 200
 
-/** Bounded inspect for rendering a program's completion value into the model-facing text. */
-const INSPECT_OPTIONS = { depth: 4, maxArrayLength: 100, maxStringLength: 10_000 } as const
-
-/** Join a result's text blocks; a non-text block becomes a placeholder (an MVP limitation, stated in the SDK instructions). */
+/** Join Native content for the bounded durable sub-dispatch summary; non-text blocks become diagnostic placeholders. */
 function textOf(content: ContentBlock[]): string {
   return content
     .map((block) => {
@@ -88,32 +85,26 @@ function summarize(text: string, cwd: string | undefined): string {
 }
 
 /**
- * JSON-normalize one binding call's argument into TWO independent parses of the same canonical
- * text: `dispatched` goes to the tool, `logged` to the `tool/code-dispatch` event — identical
- * by construction (the runtime's structured-clone boundary is wider than JSON; the session log
- * accepts only JSON), and separate objects, so a tool mutating its args can neither desync the
- * log from what was dispatched nor re-poison the append.
+ * Snapshot one binding call's argument as lossless JSON, then clone it into
+ * independent dispatch/log values so a tool mutation cannot desynchronize the
+ * durable event from what was called.
  */
 function jsonNormalizeArgs(value: unknown): { dispatched: unknown; logged: unknown } {
-  if (value === undefined) {
-    throw new Error('tool arguments must be JSON-serializable (call the tool with an arguments object, e.g. `{}`)')
-  }
-  let text: string | undefined
+  let snapshot: JsonValue | undefined
   try {
-    text = JSON.stringify(value)
+    snapshot = snapshotJsonValue(value) as JsonValue | undefined
   } catch (error: unknown) {
-    throw new Error(`tool arguments must be JSON-serializable: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`)
+    throw new Error(`tool arguments must be lossless JSON: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`)
+  }
+  if (snapshot === undefined) {
+    throw new Error('tool arguments must be lossless JSON (call the tool with an arguments object, e.g. `{}`)')
   }
-  // JSON.stringify's lib type claims `string`, but a bare function or symbol
-  // root really yields `undefined` at runtime — the guard is live.
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
-  if (text === undefined) throw new Error('tool arguments must be JSON-serializable (got a value JSON cannot represent)')
-  return { dispatched: JSON.parse(text) as unknown, logged: JSON.parse(text) as unknown }
+  return { dispatched: structuredClone(snapshot), logged: structuredClone(snapshot) }
 }
 
 /** Render one present program completion value for the model-facing result text. */
 function renderValue(value: JsonValue): string {
-  return typeof value === 'string' ? value : inspect(value, INSPECT_OPTIONS)
+  return typeof value === 'string' ? value : JSON.stringify(value, null, 2)
 }
 
 /** The run_code result's `meta` payload (JSON-serializable; `presentResult` narrows it back). */
@@ -203,7 +194,7 @@ export function createRunCodeTool(registry: ToolRegistry, requireRuntime: () =>
       // would be narrowed away by control flow analysis.
       const runOver = (): boolean => runController.signal.aborted
 
-      const binding = (name: string): CodeBindingFunction => async (rawArgs: unknown): Promise<unknown> => {
+      const binding = (name: string): CodeBindingFunction => async (rawArgs: unknown): Promise<JsonValue> => {
         if (runOver()) {
           throw new Error(`run_code run is over (${String(runController.signal.reason)}); ${name} not dispatched`)
         }
@@ -234,7 +225,9 @@ export function createRunCodeTool(registry: ToolRegistry, requireRuntime: () =>
             isError: result.isError,
             resultSummary: summarize(text, exec.agent.session.header.cwd),
           })
-          return { text, isError: result.isError }
+          return result.isError
+            ? { isError: true as const, message: result.error.message }
+            : { isError: false as const, value: result.value }
         })
         // A budget expiry or outer cancel that lands while this call was in
         // flight already aborted the dispatch; stop the program now rather
@@ -242,11 +235,11 @@ export function createRunCodeTool(registry: ToolRegistry, requireRuntime: () =>
         if (runOver()) {
           throw new Error(`run_code run is over (${String(runController.signal.reason)}); ${name} result discarded`)
         }
-        // A failed tool call REJECTS — real code signals failure by throwing,
-        // so try/catch and Promise.all short-circuiting behave as models
-        // expect (the error text is the tool's model-facing result text).
-        if (outcome.isError) throw new Error(outcome.text)
-        return outcome.text
+        // The worker turns a binding rejection into ToolCallError and adds
+        // only the binding name. Native content and internal error metadata
+        // stay outside the program-facing failure contract.
+        if (outcome.isError) throw new Error(outcome.message)
+        return outcome.value
       }
 
       // Null-prototype + defineProperty, mirroring the worker-side namespace
@@ -283,12 +276,9 @@ export function createRunCodeTool(registry: ToolRegistry, requireRuntime: () =>
           const logsText = result.logs.length > 0 ? `\nCaptured output:\n${result.logs.join('\n')}` : ''
           throw new CodeRunFailedError(`code run failed (${result.error.kind}): ${result.error.message}${logsText}`)
         }
-        // The runtime seam is wider than JSON until PR 3 makes this boundary
-        // lossless. The registry immediately snapshots and rejects any value
-        // that does not satisfy the declared JSON output.
         return {
           logs: result.logs,
-          ...result.value !== undefined ? { result: result.value as JsonValue } : {},
+          ...result.value !== undefined ? { result: result.value } : {},
         }
       } finally {
         exec.signal?.removeEventListener('abort', onOuterAbort)

packages/core/tools/src/index.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import { assertSupportedJsonSchema, validateJsonSchemaValue } from './json-schem
 import type { JsonSchemaNode } from './json-schema.ts'
 import { createRunCodeTool, RUN_CODE_NAME, SDK_SECTION_ORDER } from './code-mode.ts'
 import { renderToolsSdk } from './ts-types.ts'
+import type { ToolSdkSchema } from './ts-types.ts'
 
 export {
   defineTool,
@@ -550,7 +551,7 @@ export class ToolRegistry extends Service {
         // Regenerate from the calling scope's visible tools in stable order.
         text: (context) => {
           this.requireCodeRuntime()
-          return renderToolsSdk(this.schemas(context.scope).filter(schema => schema.name !== RUN_CODE_NAME))
+          return renderToolsSdk(this.sdkSchemas(context.scope))
         },
       })
     }
@@ -815,6 +816,16 @@ export class ToolRegistry extends Service {
     return [...this.view(scope).visible.values()].map(definition => this.schemaOf(definition, true))
   }
 
+  /** Project visible callable tools onto the generated Code Mode SDK contract. */
+  private sdkSchemas(scope?: ScopeKey): ToolSdkSchema[] {
+    return [...this.view(scope).visible.values()]
+      .filter(definition => definition.name !== RUN_CODE_NAME)
+      .map((definition): ToolSdkSchema => ({
+        ...this.schemaOf(definition, true),
+        output: structuredClone(definition.output.schema),
+      }))
+  }
+
   /** Project one definition onto the model-facing schema fields. */
   private schemaOf(definition: ToolDefinition, detachParameters: boolean): ToolSchema {
     const { name, description, parameters } = definition

packages/core/tools/src/ts-types.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,13 @@
 
 import type { ToolSchema } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
 import { assertSupportedJsonSchema } from './json-schema.ts'
-import type { JsonSchemaScalar } from './json-schema.ts'
+import type { JsonSchemaNode, JsonSchemaScalar } from './json-schema.ts'
+
+/** Internal Code Mode projection: the model-facing schema plus the canonical output schema. */
+export interface ToolSdkSchema extends ToolSchema {
+  /** Validated canonical value returned by the tool binding. */
+  output: JsonSchemaNode
+}
 
 /** Property names that are valid bare TS identifiers; anything else is quoted. */
 const IDENTIFIER = /^[A-Za-z_$][A-Za-z0-9_$]*$/
@@ -107,8 +113,8 @@ const SDK_INSTRUCTIONS = `## Writing code for run_code
 
 Pass \`run_code\` the body of an async TypeScript function (erasable syntax only — no \`enum\` or namespaces; type annotations are advisory, the code runs type-stripped). Inside the program:
 
-- Call tools as \`await tools.name(args)\` — quoted access for exotic names: \`tools["my-tool"](args)\`. Every call resolves to the tool's text output as a string. Tool arguments must be JSON-serializable.
-- A FAILED tool call rejects with an \`Error\` carrying the tool's error text — \`try/catch\` it to handle and continue.
+- Call tools as \`await tools.name(args)\` — quoted access for exotic names: \`tools["my-tool"](args)\`. Every call resolves to the tool's typed canonical JSON value. Tool arguments must be lossless JSON.
+- A FAILED tool call rejects with \`ToolCallError\`, whose \`toolName\` identifies the failed tool and whose \`message\` is human-readable — \`try/catch\` it to handle and continue.
 - Calls execute sequentially, even under \`Promise.all\`.
 - Emit results with \`return\` and/or \`console.log(...)\`. ONLY what you print or return comes back to you — intermediate tool results never enter the conversation, so extract just what you need.
 
@@ -123,16 +129,24 @@ The available tools:`
  *   `run_code` itself).
  * @returns the complete section text.
  */
-export function renderToolsSdk(schemas: ToolSchema[]): string {
+export function renderToolsSdk(schemas: ToolSdkSchema[]): string {
   const sorted = [...schemas].sort((a, b) => a.name < b.name ? -1 : a.name > b.name ? 1 : 0)
-  const members: string[] = []
+  const argsMembers: string[] = []
+  const outputMembers: string[] = []
   for (const schema of sorted) {
-    members.push(...docLines(schema.description, 1))
-    members.push(`${pad(1)}${renderKey(schema.name)}(args: ${jsonSchemaToTs(schema.parameters, 1)}): Promise<string>;`)
+    argsMembers.push(...docLines(schema.description, 1))
+    argsMembers.push(`${pad(1)}${renderKey(schema.name)}: ${jsonSchemaToTs(schema.parameters, 1)};`)
+    outputMembers.push(`${pad(1)}${renderKey(schema.name)}: ${jsonSchemaToTs(schema.output, 1)};`)
   }
-  const declaration = members.length > 0
-    ? `declare const tools: {\n${members.join('\n')}\n}`
-    : 'declare const tools: {}'
+  const argsMap = `interface ToolArgsMap {${argsMembers.length > 0 ? `\n${argsMembers.join('\n')}\n` : ''}}`
+  const outputMap = `interface ToolOutputMap {${outputMembers.length > 0 ? `\n${outputMembers.join('\n')}\n` : ''}}`
+  const declaration = [
+    argsMap,
+    outputMap,
+    'type ToolName = keyof ToolOutputMap',
+    ['declare class ToolCallError extends Error {', '  readonly name: "ToolCallError";', '  readonly toolName: ToolName;', '}'].join('\n'),
+    ['declare const tools: {', '  [K in ToolName]: (args: ToolArgsMap[K]) => Promise<ToolOutputMap[K]>;', '}'].join('\n'),
+  ].join('\n\n')
   const jsonValue = 'type JsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | JsonValue[] | { [key: string]: JsonValue }'
   return `${SDK_INSTRUCTIONS}\n\n\`\`\`ts\n${jsonValue}\n\n${declaration}\n\`\`\``
 }

packages/core/tools/tests/code-mode.spec.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type { Scope } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-scope'
 import SystemPrompt from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-system-prompt'
 import { CodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
 import type { CodeRunRequest, CodeRunResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime'
-import ToolRegistry, { CodeRunFailedError, RUN_CODE_NAME, defineContentToolFixture } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
+import ToolRegistry, { CodeRunFailedError, RUN_CODE_NAME, defineContentToolFixture, defineTool } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
 import type { Config, PostToolDecision, ToolExecutionResult } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
 import type { Agent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent'
 import { Session, SessionId } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
@@ -68,13 +68,17 @@ async function mintAgentScope(ctx: Context, name = 'scoped'): Promise<{ scope: S
 /** Register a trivial echo tool; returns the calls it received. */
 function registerEcho(ctx: Context, name = 'echo'): unknown[] {
   const calls: unknown[] = []
-  ctx.tools.register(defineContentToolFixture({
+  ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
     name,
     description: `Echo tool ${name}.`,
     parameters: { value: { type: 'string', required: true } },
+    output: {
+      schema: { type: 'string' },
+      render: (_args, value) => [{ type: 'text', text: value }],
+    },
     execute(args) {
       calls.push(args)
-      return Promise.resolve([{ type: 'text' as const, text: `${name}:${args.value}` }])
+      return Promise.resolve(`${name}:${args.value}`)
     },
   }))
   return calls
@@ -119,8 +123,8 @@ describe('mode-aware wire contribution', () => {
     expect(assembly.tools.map(tool => tool.name)).toEqual([RUN_CODE_NAME])
     const sdk = assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'tools:sdk')
     expect(sdk?.text).toContain('declare const tools: {')
-    expect(sdk?.text).toContain('echo(args:')
-    expect(sdk?.text).not.toContain('run_code(args:')
+    expect(sdk?.text).toContain('echo: {')
+    expect(sdk?.text).not.toContain('run_code:')
   })
 
   it.each(['code', 'both'] as const)('treats expert assembly output as authoritative in mode %s', async (mode) => {
@@ -172,8 +176,8 @@ describe('mode-aware wire contribution', () => {
       ? [RUN_CODE_NAME]
       : ['echo', RUN_CODE_NAME])
     const sdk = assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'tools:sdk')?.text
-    expect(sdk).toContain('echo(args:')
-    expect(sdk).not.toContain('hidden(args:')
+    expect(sdk).toContain('echo: {')
+    expect(sdk).not.toContain('hidden:')
 
     runtime.behavior = request => Promise.resolve({
       logs: [],
@@ -202,8 +206,8 @@ describe('mode-aware wire contribution', () => {
       ? [RUN_CODE_NAME]
       : ['kept', RUN_CODE_NAME])
     const sdk = assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'tools:sdk')?.text
-    expect(sdk).not.toContain('denied(args:')
-    expect(sdk).toContain('kept(args:')
+    expect(sdk).not.toContain('denied:')
+    expect(sdk).toContain('kept: {')
 
     runtime.behavior = request => Promise.resolve({
       logs: [],
@@ -241,7 +245,7 @@ describe('mode-aware wire contribution', () => {
     expect(transports).toHaveLength(1)
     expect(transports[0]?.description).toContain('Execute a TypeScript program')
     expect(assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'scoped-note')?.text).toBe('safe note')
-    expect(assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'tools:sdk')?.text).toContain('scoped_safe(args:')
+    expect(assembly.sections.find(section => section.name === 'tools:sdk')?.text).toContain('scoped_safe:')
     expect(ctx.tools.get(RUN_CODE_NAME, agent)).toBe(ctx.tools.get(RUN_CODE_NAME))
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'return 1', { agent })
     expect(result.content).toEqual([{ type: 'text', text: '(run_code completed with no output)' }])
@@ -328,7 +332,8 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
       const tools = request.bindings[0]!.functions
       const first = await tools.echo!({ value: 'one' })
       const second = await tools.echo!({ value: 'two' })
-      return { logs: [`saw ${String(first)}`], value: second }
+      if (typeof first !== 'string' || typeof second !== 'string') throw new Error('echo returned a non-string')
+      return { logs: [`saw ${first}`], value: second }
     }
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'const …: string = …', { agent })
     expect(result.isError).toBe(false)
@@ -376,10 +381,14 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     const intervals: [string, string][] = []
     let active = 0
-    ctx.tools.register(defineContentToolFixture({
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
       name: 'probe',
       description: 'Records execution overlap.',
       parameters: { id: { type: 'string', required: true } },
+      output: {
+        schema: { type: 'string' },
+        render: (_args, value) => [{ type: 'text', text: value }],
+      },
       async execute(args) {
         active++
         expect(active, 'probe executions overlapped').toBe(1)
@@ -387,12 +396,13 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
         await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
         intervals.push(['exit', args.id])
         active--
-        return [{ type: 'text' as const, text: args.id }]
+        return args.id
       },
     }))
     runtime.behavior = async (request) => {
       const tools = request.bindings[0]!.functions
       const values = await Promise.all([tools.probe!({ id: 'a' }), tools.probe!({ id: 'b' }), tools.probe!({ id: 'c' })])
+      if (!values.every(value => typeof value === 'string')) throw new Error('probe returned a non-string')
       return { logs: [], value: values.join(',') }
     }
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program')
@@ -422,7 +432,7 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
       }
     }
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program')
-    expect(result.content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'caught: Error: deliberate failure' })
+    expect(result.content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'caught: deliberate failure' })
   })
 
   it('a tools/pre-execute deny reaches the program as a binding rejection', async () => {
@@ -445,7 +455,7 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toContain('not on my watch')
   })
 
-  it('rejects a binding argument that does not survive JSON normalization, dispatching nothing', async () => {
+  it('rejects a binding argument that is not lossless JSON, dispatching nothing', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     const calls = registerEcho(ctx)
     const { agent, events } = fakeAgent()
@@ -458,25 +468,24 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
       }
     }
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program', { agent })
-    expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toContain('JSON-serializable')
+    expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toContain('lossless JSON')
     expect(calls).toEqual([])
     expect(events.filter(event => event.type === 'tool/code-dispatch')).toEqual([])
   })
 
-  it('dispatches the JSON-normalized value: what the tool sees is what the event logs', async () => {
+  it('dispatches and logs independent snapshots of the same lossless JSON value', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     const calls = registerEcho(ctx)
     const { agent, events } = fakeAgent()
     runtime.behavior = async (request) => {
-      // A Date survives structured clone but is not JSON; the bridge
-      // normalizes it to its JSON form (an ISO string) BEFORE dispatch.
-      await request.bindings[0]!.functions.echo!({ value: 'x', when: new Date(0) }).catch(() => undefined)
+      const args = Object.assign(Object.create(null) as Record<string, unknown>, { value: 'x', nested: ['same'] })
+      await request.bindings[0]!.functions.echo!(args)
       return { logs: [] }
     }
     await runCode(ctx, 'program', { agent })
-    expect(calls).toEqual([{ value: 'x', when: '1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z' }])
+    expect(calls).toEqual([{ value: 'x', nested: ['same'] }])
     const dispatch = events.find(event => event.type === 'tool/code-dispatch')?.data as SessionEventMap['tool/code-dispatch']
-    expect(dispatch.arguments).toEqual({ value: 'x', when: '1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z' })
+    expect(dispatch.arguments).toEqual({ value: 'x', nested: ['same'] })
   })
 
   it('defers sub-call additionalContexts onto the outer run_code result', async () => {
@@ -691,15 +700,19 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     const { agent, events } = fakeAgent()
     const long = 'x'.repeat(300)
-    ctx.tools.register(defineContentToolFixture({
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
       name: 'mixed',
       description: 'Returns mixed content.',
       parameters: {},
+      output: {
+        schema: { type: 'string' },
+        render: () => [
+          { type: 'text', text: long },
+          { type: 'reasoning', text: 'hidden' },
+        ],
+      },
       execute() {
-        return Promise.resolve([
-          { type: 'text' as const, text: long },
-          { type: 'reasoning' as const, text: 'hidden' },
-        ])
+        return Promise.resolve('mixed-value')
       },
     }))
     runtime.behavior = async (request) => {
@@ -708,7 +721,7 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     }
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program', { agent })
     expect(result.isError).toBe(false)
-    expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toBe(`${long}\n[reasoning content]`)
+    expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toBe('mixed-value')
     const dispatch = events.find(event => event.type === 'tool/code-dispatch')?.data as SessionEventMap['tool/code-dispatch']
     expect(dispatch.resultSummary.length).toBe(201)
     expect(dispatch.resultSummary.endsWith('…')).toBe(true)
@@ -716,13 +729,17 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
 
   it('normalizes the session workspace root before bounding durable result summaries', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
-    ctx.tools.register(defineContentToolFixture({
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
       name: 'workspace_path',
       description: 'Return a path beneath the session workspace.',
       parameters: {},
+      output: {
+        schema: { type: 'string' },
+        render: (_args, value) => [{ type: 'text', text: value }],
+      },
       execute(_args, exec) {
         const cwd = exec.agent?.session.header.cwd ?? ''
-        return Promise.resolve([{ type: 'text' as const, text: `<path>${cwd}/nested/task.txt</path>\n${'x'.repeat(240)}` }])
+        return Promise.resolve(`<path>${cwd}/nested/task.txt</path>\n${'x'.repeat(240)}`)
       },
     }))
     runtime.behavior = async request => ({
@@ -760,7 +777,7 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     expect((root.events[0]!.data as SessionEventMap['tool/code-dispatch']).resultSummary).toBe('echo:/workspace/value')
   })
 
-  it('rejects undefined, JSON-throwing, and JSON-unrepresentable binding arguments BEFORE dispatch', async () => {
+  it('rejects undefined, getter-throwing, exotic, and unrepresentable binding arguments before dispatch', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     const calls = registerEcho(ctx)
     const { agent, events } = fakeAgent()
@@ -773,8 +790,9 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
           // Root undefined must reject up front: the event log rejects it as
           // data, and nothing may execute unlogged.
           await catchMessage(echo(undefined)),
-          // A toJSON that throws a NON-Error propagates out of JSON.stringify.
-          await catchMessage(echo({ toJSON() { throw 'raw-throw' } })),
+          await catchMessage(echo(Object.defineProperty({}, 'bad', { enumerable: true, get() { throw 'raw-throw' } }))),
+          await catchMessage(echo(Object.defineProperty({}, 'bad', { enumerable: true, get() { throw new Error('error-throw') } }))),
+          await catchMessage(echo(new Date(0))),
           // A bare function is a value JSON cannot represent at all.
           await catchMessage(echo(() => 1)),
         ].join(' | '),
@@ -783,9 +801,10 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program', { agent })
     const text = (result.content[0] as { text: string }).text
     expect(text).toContain('call the tool with an arguments object')
-    expect(text).toContain('JSON-serializable: raw-throw')
-    expect(text).toContain('a value JSON cannot represent')
-    // None of the three dispatched, none logged.
+    expect(text).toContain('lossless JSON: raw-throw')
+    expect(text).toContain('lossless JSON: error-throw')
+    expect(text.match(/tool arguments must be lossless JSON/g)).toHaveLength(5)
+    // None dispatched or logged.
     expect(calls).toEqual([])
     expect(events.filter(event => event.type === 'tool/code-dispatch')).toEqual([])
   })
@@ -816,11 +835,15 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
 
   it('exposes a tool named __proto__ as an ordinary own binding', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
-    ctx.tools.register(defineContentToolFixture({
+    ctx.tools.register(defineTool({
       name: '__proto__',
       description: 'A prototype-colliding tool name.',
       parameters: {},
-      execute() { return Promise.resolve([{ type: 'text' as const, text: 'proto-tool-ok' }]) },
+      output: {
+        schema: { type: 'string' },
+        render: (_args, value) => [{ type: 'text', text: value }],
+      },
+      execute() { return Promise.resolve('proto-tool-ok') },
     }))
     runtime.behavior = async (request) => {
       const functions = request.bindings[0]!.functions
@@ -833,11 +856,20 @@ describe('the run_code dispatch bridge', () => {
     expect(result.content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'proto-tool-ok' })
   })
 
-  it('renders a non-string completion value inspect-style', async () => {
+  it('renders every non-string JSON root as pretty JSON while preserving strings raw', async () => {
     const { ctx, runtime } = await setup({ mode: 'code' })
     runtime.behavior = () => Promise.resolve({ logs: [], value: { n: 42 } })
-    const result = await runCode(ctx, 'program')
-    expect((result.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toBe('{ n: 42 }')
+    expect((await runCode(ctx, 'object')).content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: '{\n  "n": 42\n}' })
+    runtime.behavior = () => Promise.resolve({ logs: [], value: ['x', 2] })
+    expect((await runCode(ctx, 'array')).content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: '[\n  "x",\n  2\n]' })
+    runtime.behavior = () => Promise.resolve({ logs: [], value: null })
+    expect((await runCode(ctx, 'null')).content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'null' })
+    runtime.behavior = () => Promise.resolve({ logs: [], value: 'raw' })
+    expect((await runCode(ctx, 'string')).content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'raw' })
+    runtime.behavior = () => Promise.resolve({ logs: [] })
+    const absent = await runCode(ctx, 'undefined')
+    expect(absent.content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: '(run_code completed with no output)' })
+    expect(absent.isError ? undefined : absent.value).toEqual({ logs: [] })
   })
 
   it('reports a pre-aborted outer signal as the run failure without dispatching anything', async () => {

packages/core/tools/tests/ts-types.spec.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { jsonSchemaToTs, renderToolsSdk } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools/src/ts-types.ts'
+import type { ToolSdkSchema } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools/src/ts-types.ts'
 import { parameterSchemaSpecToJsonSchema } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
-import type { ToolSchema } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm'
 
 describe('jsonSchemaToTs', () => {
   it('maps every unified schema construct', () => {
@@ -96,31 +96,45 @@ describe('jsonSchemaToTs', () => {
 })
 
 describe('renderToolsSdk', () => {
-  const bash: ToolSchema = {
+  const bash: ToolSdkSchema = {
     name: 'bash',
     description: 'Run a shell command.',
     parameters: parameterSchemaSpecToJsonSchema({ command: { type: 'string', required: true } }) as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
+    output: {
+      type: 'object',
+      additionalProperties: false,
+      properties: { exitCode: { type: 'integer' } },
+      required: ['exitCode'],
+    },
   }
-  const exotic: ToolSchema = {
+  const exotic: ToolSdkSchema = {
     name: 'my-mcp.tool',
     description: 'Exotic name.',
     parameters: parameterSchemaSpecToJsonSchema({}) as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
+    output: { type: 'array', items: { type: 'string' } },
   }
 
   it('declares every tool in lexicographic order with quoted keys for exotic names', () => {
     const text = renderToolsSdk([exotic, bash])
+    expect(text).toContain('interface ToolArgsMap {')
+    expect(text).toContain('interface ToolOutputMap {')
+    expect(text).toContain('type ToolName = keyof ToolOutputMap')
+    expect(text).toContain('declare class ToolCallError extends Error')
+    expect(text).toContain('readonly toolName: ToolName;')
     expect(text).toContain('declare const tools: {')
     expect(text).toContain('type JsonValue = null | boolean | number | string')
-    expect(text.indexOf('bash(args:')).toBeGreaterThan(0)
-    expect(text).toContain('"my-mcp.tool"(args:')
-    expect(text.indexOf('bash(args:')).toBeLessThan(text.indexOf('"my-mcp.tool"(args:'))
-    expect(text).toContain('): Promise<string>;')
+    expect(text.indexOf('bash: {')).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+    expect(text).toContain('"my-mcp.tool":')
+    expect(text.indexOf('bash:')).toBeLessThan(text.indexOf('"my-mcp.tool":'))
+    expect(text).toContain('exitCode: number;')
+    expect(text).toContain('"my-mcp.tool": string[];')
+    expect(text).toContain('[K in ToolName]: (args: ToolArgsMap[K]) => Promise<ToolOutputMap[K]>;')
     expect(text).toContain('/** Run a shell command. */')
     // The fixed instruction lines the model relies on.
     expect(text).toContain('erasable syntax only')
-    expect(text).toContain('rejects with an `Error`')
+    expect(text).toContain('rejects with `ToolCallError`')
     expect(text).toContain('sequentially, even under `Promise.all`')
-    expect(text).toContain('JSON-serializable')
+    expect(text).toContain('lossless JSON')
   })
 
   it('is deterministic: same tool set, byte-identical text regardless of input order', () => {
@@ -130,6 +144,8 @@ describe('renderToolsSdk', () => {
   })
 
   it('renders an empty declaration for an empty tool set', () => {
-    expect(renderToolsSdk([])).toContain('declare const tools: {}')
+    const text = renderToolsSdk([])
+    expect(text).toContain('interface ToolArgsMap {}')
+    expect(text).toContain('interface ToolOutputMap {}')
   })
 })

packages/spill/spill-policy/package.json

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent": "workspace:^",
+    "@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker": "workspace:^",
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm": "workspace:^",
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-retention": "workspace:^",
     "@deepseek-ai/dsh-session": "workspace:^",

packages/spill/spill-policy/tests/spill-policy.spec.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import type { ToolExecution, ToolExecutionToken } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools'
 import { SpillLocator, SpillStore } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-spill'
 import type { SaveTextSpill, SpillRef } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-spill'
 import * as SpillPolicy from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-spill-policy'
+import { WorkerCodeRuntime } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker'
 
 /** A stub spill backend recording its saves; `fail` exercises the best-effort fallback. */
 class StubStore extends SpillStore {
@@ -173,6 +174,42 @@ describe('oversized plain-text replacement', () => {
   })
 })
 
+describe('outer Code Mode failure capture', () => {
+  it('spills the bounded output-limit diagnostic through the ordinary outer-result policy', async () => {
+    const ctx = new Context()
+    await ctx.plugin(SystemPrompt)
+    await ctx.plugin(ToolRegistry, { mode: 'code' })
+    await ctx.plugin(StubStore)
+    await ctx.plugin(SpillPolicy, { maxInlineBytes: 200 })
+    await ctx.plugin(WorkerCodeRuntime, { maxOutputBytes: 500 })
+    const events: unknown[] = []
+    const agent = {
+      session: {
+        header: { id: SessionId('code-spill'), cwd: '/workspace' },
+        append: (_type: string, data: unknown) => { events.push(data) },
+      },
+    }
+
+    const result = await ctx.tools.execute({
+      callId: CallId('code-output-limit'),
+      name: 'run_code',
+      arguments: {
+        code: 'console.log("HEAD-" + "x".repeat(300)); console.log("TAIL-" + "y".repeat(300)); return "unreachable";',
+      },
+      agent: agent as never,
+    })
+
+    expect(result.isError).toBe(true)
+    const saved = (ctx.spillStore as StubStore).saves
+    expect(saved).toHaveLength(1)
+    expect(saved[0]?.source.toolName).toBe('run_code')
+    expect(saved[0]?.content).toContain('code run failed (output-limit)')
+    expect(saved[0]?.content).toContain('HEAD-')
+    expect(textOf(result.content)).toContain('Full formatted result stored at: /spill/run_code.txt')
+    expect(events).toEqual([])
+  })
+})
+
 describe('read skip', () => {
   it('never spills the read tool result (avoids a read → spill → read loop)', async () => {
     const { ctx, spill } = await setup({ maxInlineBytes: 10 })

packages/subagent/subagent-inprocess/tests/structured.spec.ts

@@ -443,8 +443,10 @@ describe('in-process structured output', () => {
     expect(result.structured).toEqual({ answer: 12 })
     const request = adapter.requests[0]!
     expect(toolNames(request)).toEqual([RUN_CODE_NAME])
-    expect(request.system).toContain('declare const tools:')
-    expect(request.system).toContain('structured_output(args:')
+    expect(request.system).toContain('interface ToolArgsMap')
+    expect(request.system).toContain('interface ToolOutputMap')
+    expect(request.system).toContain('recorded: true;')
+    expect(request.system).toContain('Promise<ToolOutputMap[K]>')
     expect(request.system).toContain(STRUCTURED_OUTPUT_INSTRUCTION)
     await run.dispose()
   })

pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -369,6 +369,9 @@ importers:
       '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime':
         specifier: workspace:^
         version: link:../code-runtime
+      '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session':
+        specifier: workspace:^
+        version: link:../../core/session
       cordis:
         specifier: ^4.0.0-rc.7
         version: 4.0.0-rc.7(@cordisjs/plugin-include@1.0.4)(@cordisjs/plugin-loader@1.0.0-rc.5)
@@ -1774,6 +1777,9 @@ importers:
       '@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent':
         specifier: workspace:^
         version: link:../../core/agent
+      '@deepseek-ai/dsh-code-runtime-worker':
+        specifier: workspace:^
+        version: link:../../code-runtime/code-runtime-worker
       '@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm':
         specifier: workspace:^
         version: link:../../llm/llm

scripts/type-equiv.manifest.json

@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@
     { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeRunRequest", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },
     { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeRunResult", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },
     { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeBindingNamespace", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },
+    { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeJsonValue", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },
     { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeBindingFunction", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },
     { "doc": "docs/core-data-structures/code-runtime.md", "symbol": "CodeRunFailure", "source": "packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts" },