deepseek-harness/packages/subprocess/subprocess-local/tests/spawn.spec.ts

import { mkdtempSync, readFileSync, statSync, unlinkSync } from 'node:fs'
import { tmpdir } from 'node:os'
import { dirname, join } from 'node:path'
import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
import type { DshEnvironment } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'
import { killGroup, OutputCollector, spawnSubprocess, taskkillProcessTree } from '../src/spawn.ts'
import type { SubprocessHandle, SubprocessOutputReader } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess'

const { failNextClose, failNextUnlink } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
  failNextClose: { value: false },
  failNextUnlink: { value: false },
}))
vi.mock('node:fs', async (importOriginal) => {
  const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('node:fs')>()
  return {
    ...actual,
    closeSync(fd: number): void {
      if (failNextClose.value) {
        failNextClose.value = false
        throw Object.assign(new Error('simulated EIO on close'), { code: 'EIO' })
      }
      actual.closeSync(fd)
    },
    unlinkSync(path: Parameters<typeof actual.unlinkSync>[0]): void {
      if (failNextUnlink.value) {
        failNextUnlink.value = false
        throw Object.assign(new Error('simulated EIO on unlink'), { code: 'EIO' })
      }
      actual.unlinkSync(path)
    },
  }
})

const spillDir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'dsh-subprocess-spec-'))

type SpecOverrides = Partial<Parameters<typeof spawnSubprocess>[0]> & {
  stdoutMaxBytes?: number
  stderrMaxBytes?: number
  maxSpillBytes?: number
  stdin?: string
}

function spec(command: string, overrides: SpecOverrides = {}) {
  const { stdoutMaxBytes = 64_000, stderrMaxBytes = 64_000, maxSpillBytes = 64 * 1024 * 1024, stdin, ...rest } = overrides
  return {
    argv: ['bash', '-c', command],
    cwd: process.cwd(),
    stdio: {
      stdin: stdin !== undefined ? { data: stdin } : 'ignore' as const,
      stdout: { maxBytes: stdoutMaxBytes, spill: { maxBytes: maxSpillBytes } },
      stderr: { maxBytes: stderrMaxBytes, spill: { maxBytes: maxSpillBytes } },
    },
    graceMs: 3_000,
    ...rest,
  }
}

/** Poll until a pid no longer exists (kill(pid, 0) throws ESRCH). */
async function waitGone(pid: number, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<void> {
  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
    try {
      process.kill(pid, 0)
    } catch {
      return
    }
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
  }
  throw new Error(`pid ${pid} still alive after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
}

async function waitForStdout(running: SubprocessHandle, expected: string, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<void> {
  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
    if (running.collected.stdout!.readFrom(0).text.includes(expected)) return
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
  }
  throw new Error(`stdout did not include ${JSON.stringify(expected)} after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
}

/** Await settlement and project both collected streams like a batch outcome. */
async function finish(running: SubprocessHandle) {
  const outcome = await running.done
  const final = (reader: SubprocessOutputReader | undefined) => {
    const read = reader!.readFrom(0)
    return { text: read.text, truncated: read.lossy, ...read.spillPath !== undefined ? { spillPath: read.spillPath } : {} }
  }
  return { ...outcome, stdout: final(running.collected.stdout), stderr: final(running.collected.stderr) }
}

async function waitForPidFile(path: string, timeoutMs = 5_000): Promise<number> {
  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
    try {
      const pid = Number(readFileSync(path, 'utf8').trim())
      if (Number.isSafeInteger(pid) && pid > 0) return pid
    } catch {
      // The child shell has not written the pid file yet.
    }
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
  }
  throw new Error(`pid file ${path} was not written after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
}

describe('spawnSubprocess', () => {
  it('captures stdout on success', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo hello')))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(result.signal).toBeNull()
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('hello\n')
    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('')
  })

  it('captures stderr separately', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo oops >&2')))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('')
    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('oops\n')
  })

  it('captures both streams', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo out; echo err >&2')))
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('out\n')
    expect(result.stderr.text).toBe('err\n')
  })

  it('reports non-zero exit codes', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('exit 42')))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(42)
    expect(result.signal).toBeNull()
  })

  it('passes the ambient TERM through untouched (terminal policy is the caller\'s)', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo "${TERM:-unset}"', {
      env: { TERM: 'callers-choice' },
    })))
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('callers-choice\n')
  })

  it('runs in the requested cwd', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('pwd', { cwd: '/tmp' })))
    expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toMatch(/\/tmp$/)
  })

  it('kills the process group with SIGTERM when the signal fires', async () => {
    // spawnSubprocess owns no timer: it kills on abort. The bash executor drives the timeout
    // by firing this signal via a deadline (see executor.spec.ts); here we
    // assert the kill itself lands as SIGTERM.
    const controller = new AbortController()
    const start = Date.now()
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort('deadline') }, 100)
    const result = await running.done
    expect(Date.now() - start).toBeLessThan(5_000)
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
    expect(result.exitCode).toBeNull()
  })

  it('terminate() escalates to SIGKILL when SIGTERM is trapped', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('trap \'\' TERM; echo ready; while :; do sleep 60 & wait $!; done', { graceMs: 200 }))
    await waitForStdout(running, 'ready\n')
    running.terminate()
    const result = await running.done
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGKILL')
  })

  it('terminates the whole process group (grandchildren die too)', async () => {
    // The subshell writes the sleep's pid then waits on it; terminating the
    // group must take the sleep down with bash.
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `grandchild-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec(`sleep 60 & echo $! > ${pidFile}; wait`))
    const grandchild = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    expect(grandchild).toBeGreaterThan(0)

    running.terminate()
    const result = await running.done
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
    await waitGone(grandchild)
  })

  it('aborts via AbortSignal mid-run', async () => {
    const controller = new AbortController()
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort('user cancelled') }, 50)
    const result = await running.done
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
  })

  it('throws when the signal is already aborted before spawn', () => {
    const controller = new AbortController()
    controller.abort('too late')
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess(spec('echo hi', { signal: controller.signal })))
      .toThrow(/aborted before spawn: too late/)
  })

  it('rejects with a spawn error for a nonexistent cwd', async () => {
    await expect(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo hi', { cwd: '/nonexistent-dir-dsh-test' })).done)
      .rejects.toThrow(/ENOENT/)
  })

  it('terminate() is idempotent (second call does not restart escalation)', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60'))
    running.terminate()
    running.terminate()
    const result = await running.done
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
  })

  it('bounds inherited-pipe draining after the shell exits', async () => {
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `pipe-holder-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const started = Date.now()
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec(`sleep 60 & echo $! > ${pidFile}; echo shell-done`, { graceMs: 100 }))
    const descendant = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    try {
      const result = await finish(running)
      expect(Date.now() - started).toBeLessThan(1_000)
      expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
      expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('shell-done\n')
    } finally {
      process.kill(descendant, 'SIGKILL')
      await waitGone(descendant)
    }
  })
})

describe('stdin and extra env (set by in-process plugins)', () => {
  it('writes stdin to the command and closes it', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('cat', { stdin: 'hello from stdin\n' })))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('hello from stdin\n')
  })

  it('a command that reads stdin sees EOF when none is supplied', async () => {
    // No stdin → fd 0 is /dev/null, so `cat` reads EOF and exits 0 with no
    // output (it does NOT block).
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('cat')))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('')
  })

  it('gives fd 0 the exact pre-seam type: /dev/null when no stdin, a pipe when supplied', async () => {
    // With no bytes, fd 0 remains the pre-seam `ignore` default (/dev/null, a character device).
    // Supplied bytes use Node's spawn pipe, which is an AF_UNIX socket rather than a FIFO.
    const none = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('test -c /dev/stdin && echo char || echo other')))
    expect(none.stdout.text).toBe('char\n')
    const piped = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('test -S /dev/stdin && echo socket || echo other', { stdin: 'x' })))
    expect(piped.stdout.text).toBe('socket\n')
  })

  it('merges ordinary extra env entries onto the scrubbed environment', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo "$EXTRA_ONE/$EXTRA_TWO"', {
      env: { EXTRA_ONE: 'alpha', EXTRA_TWO: 'beta' },
    })))
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('alpha/beta\n')
  })

  it('an explicit extra env entry overrides the credential scrub', async () => {
    // EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY matches the credential scrub pattern, yet an explicit
    // entry is still honored — the scrub only drops AMBIENT process.env creds.
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo "$EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY"', {
      env: { EXPLICIT_OVERRIDE_KEY: 'explicit-wins' },
    })))
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('explicit-wins\n')
  })

  it('does not crash or reject when the child ignores a large stdin (EPIPE)', async () => {
    // The child exits without reading, so closing a stdin pipe holding ~1 MiB triggers EPIPE.
    // The handler swallows that write error and `done` reports the child's real exit.
    const big = 'x'.repeat(1024 * 1024)
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('exit 7', { stdin: big })))
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(7)
  })
})

describe('output truncation and spill', () => {
  it('applies stdout and stderr caps independently', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('printf "%.0sx" $(seq 1 500); printf "%.0se" $(seq 1 500) >&2', {
        stdoutMaxBytes: 500,
        stderrMaxBytes: 100,
      }),
      { spillDir },
    ))
    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('x'.repeat(500))
    expect(result.stderr.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(result.stderr.text.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(100)
  })

  it('keeps the tail and spills the full stream to disk', async () => {
    // 200 numbered lines of ~10 bytes; cap at 500 bytes keeps a late tail.
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
      { spillDir },
    ))
    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(result.stdout.text.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(500)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toContain('line-0200')
    expect(result.stdout.text).not.toContain('line-0001')
    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeDefined()
    const full = readFileSync(result.stdout.spillPath!, 'utf8')
    expect(full).toContain('line-0001')
    expect(full).toContain('line-0200')
  })

  it('does not truncate output exactly at the cap', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('printf "%.0sx" $(seq 1 500)', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
      { spillDir },
    ))
    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(false)
    expect(result.stdout.text.length).toBe(500)
    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
  })

  it('settles with the tail and no spill path when final spill close fails', async () => {
    failNextClose.value = true
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
      { spillDir },
    ))
    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(result.stdout.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(result.stdout.text).toContain('line-0200')
    expect(result.stdout.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
  })
})

describe('OutputCollector', () => {
  it('keeps the tail of a single oversized chunk', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(10, 100, 'test', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('0123456789abcdef'))
    const out = collector.finalize()
    expect(out.text).toBe('6789abcdef')
    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(readFileSync(out.spillPath!, 'utf8')).toBe('0123456789abcdef')
  })

  it('retains a byte-exact tail across uneven chunk boundaries', () => {
    // A diagnostic tail must be exactly the LAST maxBytes regardless of
    // chunking; dropping only whole chunks would under-retain.
    const collector = new OutputCollector(10, undefined, 'exact-tail', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbbbb'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('cc'))
    const out = collector.finalize()
    expect(out.text).toBe('aabbbbbbcc')
    expect(Buffer.byteLength(out.text)).toBe(10)
    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
  })

  it('readFrom returns increments and flags lossy reads', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(10, 100, 'test', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaaa'))
    const first = collector.readFrom(0)
    expect(first.text).toBe('aaaaa')
    expect(first.lossy).toBe(false)
    expect(first.nextOffset).toBe(5)

    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbbb'))
    const second = collector.readFrom(first.nextOffset)
    expect(second.text).toBe('bbbbb')
    expect(second.lossy).toBe(false)

    // Push enough to slide the window past the last offset.
    collector.push(Buffer.from('c'.repeat(20)))
    const third = collector.readFrom(second.nextOffset)
    expect(third.lossy).toBe(true)
    expect(third.text).toBe('c'.repeat(10))
    expect(third.spillPath).toBeDefined()
  })

  it('contains close failures and drops the spill path', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 100, 'closefail', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
    expect(collector.readFrom(0).spillPath).toBeDefined()

    failNextClose.value = true
    let out: ReturnType<typeof collector.finalize>
    expect(() => { out = collector.finalize() }).not.toThrow()

    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
    expect(out!.text).toBe('bbbb')
    expect(out!.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(out!.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
  })

  it('discards a spill that exceeds its configured cap', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 8, 'bounded', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
    const spillPath = collector.readFrom(0).spillPath!
    expect(readFileSync(spillPath, 'utf8')).toBe('aaaabbbb')

    collector.push(Buffer.from('c'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('dddd'))
    const out = collector.finalize()
    expect(out.text).toBe('dddd')
    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(out.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
    expect(() => readFileSync(spillPath)).toThrow()
  })

  it('does not create a spill when the first overflowing chunk exceeds the cap', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 4, 'no-spill', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('abcdefgh'))
    const out = collector.finalize()
    expect(out.text).toBe('efgh')
    expect(out.truncated).toBe(true)
    expect(out.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
  })

  it('contains cleanup failures while disabling an oversize spill', () => {
    const collector = new OutputCollector(4, 8, 'cleanup-fail', spillDir)
    collector.push(Buffer.from('aaaa'))
    collector.push(Buffer.from('bbbb'))
    const spillPath = collector.readFrom(0).spillPath!

    failNextClose.value = true
    failNextUnlink.value = true
    expect(() => { collector.push(Buffer.from('c')) }).not.toThrow()
    expect(failNextClose.value).toBe(false)
    expect(failNextUnlink.value).toBe(false)
    expect(collector.finalize().spillPath).toBeUndefined()
    unlinkSync(spillPath)
  })
})

describe('killGroup', () => {
  it('ignores non-positive pids', () => {
    expect(() => { killGroup(-1, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
    expect(() => { killGroup(0, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
  })

  it('swallows ESRCH for vanished groups', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true'))
    await running.done
    expect(() => { killGroup(running.pid, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
  })

})

describe('stdio dispositions', () => {
  it("'pipe' exposes raw streams for caller-owned protocol decoding", async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('cat'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'pipe', stdout: 'pipe', stderr: { maxBytes: 1000 } },
    })
    expect(running.stdin).toBeDefined()
    expect(running.stdout).toBeDefined()
    expect(running.stderr).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stdout).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stderr).toBeDefined()

    const echoed = new Promise<string>((resolve) => {
      let text = ''
      running.stdout!.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => { text += chunk.toString('utf8') })
      running.stdout!.on('end', () => { resolve(text) })
    })
    running.stdin!.end('through the pipe\n')
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(await echoed).toBe('through the pipe\n')
  })

  it('a collect mode without spill keeps only the in-memory tail (no file)', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'ignore', stdout: { maxBytes: 100 }, stderr: { maxBytes: 100 } },
    }, { spillDir })
    await running.done
    const read = running.collected.stdout!.readFrom(0)
    expect(read.lossy).toBe(true)
    expect(read.text).toContain('line-0200')
    expect(read.spillPath).toBeUndefined()
  })
})

describe('dispose ladder', () => {
  it('tier 1: a cooperative child exits on stdin EOF without any signal', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('read -r line; exit 0'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'pipe', stdout: { maxBytes: 1000 }, stderr: { maxBytes: 1000 } },
    })
    await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 5_000, graceMs: 200 })
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(outcome.signal).toBeNull()
  })

  it('tier 2: an EOF-deaf child dies by SIGTERM', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('sleep 60'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'pipe', stdout: { maxBytes: 1000 }, stderr: { maxBytes: 1000 } },
    })
    await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 100, graceMs: 5_000 })
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
  })

  it('tier 3: a TERM-trapping child dies by SIGKILL, and dispose() is idempotent', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('trap \'\' TERM; echo armed; sleep 60'))
    await waitForStdout(running, 'armed\n')
    const first = running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 50, graceMs: 200 })
    const second = running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 50, graceMs: 200 })
    expect(second).toBe(first)
    await first
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.signal).toBe('SIGKILL')
  })
})

describe('windows tree semantics (injected platform)', () => {
  it('terminate routes through taskkill by root pid', async () => {
    const killed: number[] = []
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60', { graceMs: 100 }), {
      spillDir,
      platform: 'win32',
      taskkill: (pid) => {
        killed.push(pid)
        // Simulate the forced tree termination taskkill performs.
        try {
          process.kill(pid, 'SIGKILL')
        } catch {
          // Already gone — matches taskkill's tolerated not-found status.
        }
      },
    })
    running.terminate()
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(killed).toContain(running.pid)
    expect(outcome.signal).toBe('SIGKILL')
  })

  it('waitForExit falls back to direct-child liveness where groups do not exist', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true'), { spillDir, platform: 'win32', taskkill: () => {} })
    await running.done
    await expect(running.waitForExit()).resolves.toBe(true)
  })
})

describe('waitForExit', () => {
  it('waits for the whole detached tree, not just the shell', async () => {
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `tree-wait-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec(`sleep 60 & echo $! > ${pidFile}; wait`))
    const grandchild = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    running.terminate()
    await running.done
    await expect(running.waitForExit()).resolves.toBe(true)
    await expect(waitGone(grandchild, 100)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
  })

  it('an aborted wait reports false while the tree lives', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60'))
    const controller = new AbortController()
    controller.abort()
    await expect(running.waitForExit(controller.signal)).resolves.toBe(false)
    running.terminate()
    await running.done
  })
})

describe('tree-survivor escalation (terminate/dispose reach helpers the leader left behind)', () => {
  it('terminate() SIGKILLs a TERM-trapping descendant after the direct child settles', async () => {
    // The leader spawns a TERM-trapping helper with all stdio detached from
    // the collected pipes, then exits: the helper holds the GROUP alive while
    // the direct child settles. The escalation must still reach it.
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `survivor-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec(
      `bash -c 'trap "" TERM; echo $$ > ${pidFile}; sleep 60' >/dev/null 2>&1 & disown; wait_placeholder=; exit 0`,
      { graceMs: 300 },
    ))
    const helper = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    await running.done // direct child settled; helper survives in the group
    expect(() => process.kill(helper, 0)).not.toThrow()

    running.terminate() // SIGTERM (trapped) → grace → SIGKILL the group
    await expect(running.waitForExit()).resolves.toBe(true)
    await waitGone(helper)
  })

  it('dispose() holds each tier on whole-tree exit, not direct-child settlement', async () => {
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `survivor-dispose-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec(
      `bash -c 'trap "" TERM; echo $$ > ${pidFile}; sleep 60' >/dev/null 2>&1 & disown; exit 0`,
      { graceMs: 200 },
    ))
    const helper = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    await running.done
    expect(() => process.kill(helper, 0)).not.toThrow()

    await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 100, graceMs: 300 })
    // The ladder only returns once the WHOLE tree is gone.
    expect(() => process.kill(helper, 0)).toThrow()
  })

  it('service teardown awaits tree survivors, not just handle settlement', async () => {
    const { Context } = await import('cordis')
    const { default: LocalSubprocessService } = await import('@deepseek-ai/dsh-subprocess-local')
    const ctx = new Context()
    const fiber = await ctx.plugin(LocalSubprocessService)
    ;(ctx.subprocess as InstanceType<typeof LocalSubprocessService>).internals = { spillDir }
    const pidFile = join(spillDir, `survivor-svc-${Date.now()}.pid`)
    const running = ctx.subprocess.spawn(spec(
      `bash -c 'trap "" TERM; echo $$ > ${pidFile}; sleep 60' >/dev/null 2>&1 & disown; exit 0`,
      { graceMs: 200 },
    ))
    const helper = await waitForPidFile(pidFile)
    await running.done
    await fiber.dispose()
    // Teardown itself waited for the survivor to die.
    expect(() => process.kill(helper, 0)).toThrow()
  })
})

describe('coverage seams', () => {
  it('taskkillProcessTree ignores non-positive pids and contains a missing binary', () => {
    expect(() => { taskkillProcessTree(-1) }).not.toThrow()
    expect(() => { taskkillProcessTree(0) }).not.toThrow()
    // On POSIX there is no taskkill; spawnSync reports the failure in its
    // result and the function stays silent — the same containment Windows
    // relies on for an already-absent tree.
    expect(() => { taskkillProcessTree(2 ** 30) }).not.toThrow()
  })

  it('dispose on a spawn-failed handle observes the rejection and returns', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true', { cwd: '/nonexistent-dir-dsh-dispose-test' }))
    const disposal = running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 1_000, graceMs: 1_000 })
    await expect(running.done).rejects.toThrow()
    await expect(disposal).resolves.toBeUndefined()
  })

  it("an 'inherit' stdout with collected stderr wires only the requested collector", async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('echo to-parent; echo err >&2'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'ignore', stdout: 'inherit', stderr: { maxBytes: 1000 } },
    })
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(running.stdout).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stdout).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stderr!.readFrom(0).text).toBe('err\n')
  })

  it("an 'inherit' stderr with collected stdout wires only the requested collector", async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('echo out; echo to-parent >&2'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'ignore', stdout: { maxBytes: 1000 }, stderr: 'inherit' },
    })
    const outcome = await running.done
    expect(outcome.exitCode).toBe(0)
    expect(running.stderr).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stderr).toBeUndefined()
    expect(running.collected.stdout!.readFrom(0).text).toBe('out\n')
  })

  it('terminate() after the tree died delivers no termination signal', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true'))
    await running.done
    await running.waitForExit()
    const spy = vi.spyOn(process, 'kill')
    try {
      running.terminate()
      const delivered = spy.mock.calls.filter(([, sig]) => sig !== 0)
      expect(delivered).toEqual([])
    } finally {
      spy.mockRestore()
    }
  })

  it('waitForExit on a failed spawn reports exited immediately', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true', { cwd: '/nonexistent-dir-dsh-spawn-test' }))
    await expect(running.done).rejects.toThrow()
    await expect(running.waitForExit()).resolves.toBe(true)
  })

  it('dispose() on an already-exited tree returns without delivering a signal', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('true'))
    await running.done
    await running.waitForExit()
    const spy = vi.spyOn(process, 'kill')
    try {
      await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 50, graceMs: 50 })
      const delivered = spy.mock.calls.filter(([, sig]) => sig !== 0)
      expect(delivered).toEqual([])
    } finally {
      spy.mockRestore()
    }
  })

  it('a batch-stdin handle exposes no stdin and dispose skips the EOF tier', async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('cat', { stdin: 'batch\n' }))
    expect(running.stdin).toBeUndefined()
    await running.done
    await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 50, graceMs: 50 })
    expect(running.collected.stdout!.readFrom(0).text).toBe('batch\n')
  })
})

describe('coverage seams 2', () => {
  it('win32 treeAlive reports alive for a live child and gone after taskkill', async () => {
    let killedPid = 0
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60'), {
      spillDir,
      platform: 'win32',
      taskkill: (pid) => {
        killedPid = pid
        try {
          process.kill(pid, 'SIGKILL')
        } catch {
          // Already gone.
        }
      },
    })
    const aborted = new AbortController()
    aborted.abort()
    await expect(running.waitForExit(aborted.signal)).resolves.toBe(false) // alive branch
    running.terminate()
    await running.done
    expect(killedPid).toBe(running.pid)
    await expect(running.waitForExit()).resolves.toBe(true)
  })

  it('the win32 dispose ladder skips the POSIX SIGTERM tier and force-terminates', async () => {
    const kills: number[] = []
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('sleep 60'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'pipe', stdout: { maxBytes: 1000 }, stderr: { maxBytes: 1000 } },
    }, {
      spillDir,
      platform: 'win32',
      taskkill: (pid) => {
        kills.push(pid)
        try {
          process.kill(pid, 'SIGKILL')
        } catch {
          // Already gone.
        }
      },
    })
    await running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 50, graceMs: 5_000 })
    // Exactly one forced tree termination: no POSIX SIGTERM tier ran.
    expect(kills).toEqual([running.pid])
  })

  it('dispose throws when even SIGKILL produces no exit within the grace', async () => {
    // An inert taskkill simulates a tree that never reports exit.
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60'), { spillDir, platform: 'win32', taskkill: () => {} })
    await expect(running.dispose({ eofGraceMs: 20, graceMs: 40 }))
      .rejects.toThrow(/did not exit within 40ms after forced termination/)
    // Real cleanup: the injected platform spawned without detachment, so the
    // child is a plain (group-less) POSIX process — kill it directly.
    process.kill(running.pid, 'SIGKILL')
    await running.done
  })

  it("stderr: 'pipe' exposes the raw stream", async () => {
    const running = spawnSubprocess({
      ...spec('echo err >&2'),
      stdio: { stdin: 'ignore', stdout: { maxBytes: 1000 }, stderr: 'pipe' },
    })
    expect(running.stderr).toBeDefined()
    const text = new Promise<string>((resolve) => {
      let out = ''
      running.stderr!.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => { out += chunk.toString('utf8') })
      running.stderr!.on('end', () => { resolve(out) })
    })
    await running.done
    expect(await text).toBe('err\n')
  })
})

describe('argv validation', () => {
  it('rejects an empty argv before spawning', () => {
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess({ ...spec('true'), argv: [] })).toThrow(/non-empty program name/)
  })

  it('rejects an empty program name before spawning', () => {
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess({ ...spec('true'), argv: [''] })).toThrow(/non-empty program name/)
  })

  it('spawns argv verbatim without shell interpretation', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess({ ...spec('unused'), argv: ['printf', '%s', '$HOME'] }))
    expect(result.stdout.text).toBe('$HOME')
  })
})

describe('abort edge cases', () => {
  it('reports a fallback reason for reason-less pre-aborted signals', () => {
    // Real AbortControllers always set a DOMException reason; signal-like
    // objects from other libraries may not — the fallback covers them.
    const bare = {
      aborted: true,
      reason: undefined,
      addEventListener() {},
      removeEventListener() {},
    } as unknown as AbortSignal
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess(spec('echo hi', { signal: bare })))
      .toThrow(/aborted before spawn: aborted/)
  })

  it('reports the terminating signal of an externally self-killed command', async () => {
    // spawnSubprocess reports the raw signal; whether it counts as timeout/cancel is the
    // executor's classification (a self-kill is neither) — see executor.spec.ts.
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('kill -TERM $$')))
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
  })
})

describe('environment and spill-file hardening', () => {
  it('scrubs credential-shaped and ambient DSH env vars from child processes', async () => {
    process.env.DSH_TEST_API_KEY = 'super-secret'
    process.env.DSH_TEST_TOKEN = 'also-secret'
    process.env.DSH_TEST_PLAIN = 'visible'
    try {
      const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo "[${DSH_TEST_API_KEY:-absent}|${DSH_TEST_TOKEN:-absent}|${DSH_TEST_PLAIN:-absent}]"')))
      expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toBe('[absent|absent|absent]')
    } finally {
      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_API_KEY
      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_TOKEN
      delete process.env.DSH_TEST_PLAIN
    }
  })

  it('injects only the current trusted DSH environment after scrubbing ambient values', async () => {
    process.env.DSH_STALE = 'old-value'
    try {
      const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(spec('echo "[${DSH_STALE:-absent}|$DSH_SHELL|$DSH_SESSION_ID]"', {
        dshEnv: { DSH_SHELL: '1', DSH_SESSION_ID: 'current-session' },
      })))
      expect(result.stdout.text.trim()).toBe('[absent|1|current-session]')
    } finally {
      delete process.env.DSH_STALE
    }
  })

  it('rejects DSH variables on the ordinary env channel', () => {
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess(spec('true', { env: { DSH_WRONG_CHANNEL: 'bad' } })))
      .toThrow(/DSH_WRONG_CHANNEL.*dshEnv/)
  })

  it('rejects ordinary variables on the managed env channel', () => {
    const invalid = { PATH: '/wrong-channel' } as unknown as DshEnvironment
    expect(() => spawnSubprocess(spec('true', { dshEnv: invalid })))
      .toThrow(/managed child env.*PATH.*use env/)
  })

  it('creates spill files with owner-only permissions and random names', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
      { spillDir },
    ))
    const path = result.stdout.spillPath!
    expect(path).toMatch(/dsh-subprocess-\d+-\d+-[0-9a-f]{12}-stdout\.log$/)
    const mode = statSync(path).mode & 0o777
    expect(mode).toBe(0o600)
  })

  it('defaults spills into a private per-process directory', async () => {
    const result = await finish(spawnSubprocess(
      spec('for i in $(seq 1 200); do printf "line-%04d\\n" $i; done', { stdoutMaxBytes: 500, stderrMaxBytes: 500 }),
    ))
    const dir = dirname(result.stdout.spillPath!)
    expect(dir).toMatch(/dsh-subprocess-/)
    const mode = statSync(dir).mode & 0o777
    expect(mode).toBe(0o700)
  })

  it('killGroup never throws, even for EPERM-style failures', () => {
    const spy = vi.spyOn(process, 'kill').mockImplementation(() => {
      throw Object.assign(new Error('EPERM'), { code: 'EPERM' })
    })
    try {
      expect(() => { killGroup(12345, 'SIGTERM') }).not.toThrow()
    } finally {
      spy.mockRestore()
    }
  })

  it('honors AbortSignal on background-style runs (no timeout)', async () => {
    const controller = new AbortController()
    const running = spawnSubprocess(spec('sleep 60', { signal: controller.signal }))
    setTimeout(() => { controller.abort() }, 50)
    const result = await running.done
    expect(result.signal).toBe('SIGTERM')
  })
})